Diffraction is a phenomenon that occurs when waves encounter an obstacle or aperture and bend around it, resulting in interference patterns.
To calculate d in diffraction, you can use the formula d = mλ/a, where d is the distance between the slits or grating, m is the order of the diffraction pattern, λ is the wavelength of the incident light, and a is the distance between the slits or grating and the screen.
Single-slit diffraction occurs when a wave passes through a single narrow slit, resulting in a diffraction pattern with a central maximum and alternating dark and light fringes. Multiple-slit diffraction, also known as grating diffraction, occurs when a wave passes through multiple slits, resulting in a more complex diffraction pattern with multiple bright and dark fringes.
The wavelength of light affects diffraction by determining the spacing between fringes in the diffraction pattern. The smaller the wavelength, the closer together the fringes will be and the more spread out the pattern will appear. Conversely, a longer wavelength will result in a wider spacing between fringes and a more condensed pattern.
Yes, diffraction can occur with all types of waves, including sound waves, water waves, and electromagnetic waves such as light. However, the amount of diffraction may vary depending on the wavelength and the size of the obstacle or aperture.