Can the fit equation accurately predict the discharging of a capacitor?

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In summary, the conversation discusses the discharging of a capacitor, with the data collected showing that the current is initially large but decreases as charge is lost and the voltage decreases. The fit equation A*exp(−Cx)+B is related to the equation for a discharging capacitor V = Vo e^-t/RC by substituting in values for A, B, and C. A represents Vo, B is usually 0, and C is 1/RC which is known as the time constant. The conversation also mentions that while there may be a perfect combination of these constants to fit the data perfectly, it is rarely seen in practice. The conversation concludes by mentioning the importance of adjusting these constants to get the best fit when plotting results
  • #1
mlostrac
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Hello, I'm just doing a lab on the discharging of a capacitor.

The data collected shows that at first the current is large because the voltage is large, so charge is lost quickly and the voltage decreases rapidly. As charge is lost the voltage is reduced making the current smaller so the rate of discharging becomes progressively slower.

I'm just wondering how the fit equation A*exp(−Cx)+B relates to the equation for a discharging capacitor V = Vo e^-t/RC ?
 
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  • #2
Substitute in the values for A, C, and B; while the variable x in your case is t, since you're viewing V as a function of time. so A=Vo, B = 0, and C = 1/RC.
 
  • #3
y = A*exp(−Cx)+B is an approximation to V = Vo e^-t/RC, in the xy plane, in cartesian coordinates.
When you plot your results (V against t) you need to fiddle with the A,B and C constants till you get the best fit.
Theoretically there would be a perfect combination of these three numbers, that fits your data perfectly, but this is rarely seen in practise - say why.

A would be Vo. B moves the fit up/down the y-axis (its probably 0).
Then C is then 1/RC, sometimes called the time constant, tau.
 

What is a capacitor?

A capacitor is an electronic component that stores electrical energy in an electric field. It is composed of two conductive plates separated by an insulating material called a dielectric.

How does a capacitor get charged?

A capacitor gets charged by connecting it to a power source, such as a battery, which creates a potential difference between the two plates. This causes electrons to accumulate on one plate and leave the other plate with a positive charge.

Why do we need to discharge a capacitor?

A capacitor needs to be discharged for safety reasons, as it can still hold a charge even after it is disconnected from a power source. Discharging it ensures that there is no residual charge that can cause harm.

How do you discharge a capacitor?

To discharge a capacitor, you can either use a resistor or a short circuit. Connecting a resistor to the two terminals of a capacitor will allow the charge to dissipate slowly. A short circuit, on the other hand, provides a quick and direct path for the charge to flow through.

What happens if you discharge a capacitor too quickly?

If a capacitor is discharged too quickly, it can cause a large flow of current, which can damage other components in the circuit. This is why it is important to use a resistor or a short circuit to discharge a capacitor in a controlled manner.

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