The purpose of driving relay with low current is to protect the relay and any connected devices from damage. Relays have a maximum current rating, and exceeding this rating can cause the relay to overheat and fail. By using low current, the relay is able to operate within its safe range and prevent any potential damage.
Low current can be achieved by using a transistor or a specialized relay driver circuit. These components act as a buffer between the control signal and the relay, allowing a small amount of current to control a larger current flow to the relay. This allows the relay to operate with a lower current input while still being able to switch larger currents.
Besides protecting the relay and connected devices, driving relay with low current can also improve the lifespan of the relay. Relays that are constantly operated with high currents may wear out faster and need to be replaced more frequently. Using low current can also reduce power consumption and potentially lower the overall cost of the system.
While driving relay with low current can have many benefits, there are some limitations to consider. Low current may not be suitable for all types of relays, as some may require a minimum current to operate reliably. Additionally, using low current may result in slower switching times for the relay, which could affect the overall performance of the system.
The appropriate amount of low current to use when driving a relay will depend on the specific relay being used and the maximum current it can handle. It is important to consult the datasheet for the relay to determine the recommended current ratings. Additionally, it may be necessary to test and adjust the low current level to find the optimal balance between protecting the relay and ensuring reliable operation.