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An electric circuit is a closed loop through which electric current flows. It is made up of various components such as a power source, conductors, and loads.
The voltage in a circuit can be calculated using Ohm's law, which states that voltage (V) equals current (I) multiplied by resistance (R). This can be represented as V = IR.
In a series circuit, the components are connected one after the other, forming a single pathway for the current to flow through. In a parallel circuit, the components are connected in separate branches, allowing the current to flow through multiple paths.
The total resistance in a parallel circuit is calculated by adding the reciprocals of the individual resistances and taking the reciprocal of the sum. This can be represented as 1/R(total) = 1/R(1) + 1/R(2) + ... + 1/R(n).
A short circuit occurs when there is a low resistance connection between two points in a circuit, causing a large amount of current to flow. This can be dangerous and can damage components in the circuit.
