Electric Dipole Field and Energy Calculation for Point x on the X-Axis

In summary, the conversation discusses using the general expression for the electric field of a dipole to establish a simplified expression for the electric field at a point along the x-axis produced by a dipole at the origin in the z direction. This is then used to find the energy of a second dipole placed at a point x in three different cases: when the dipoles are parallel, perpendicular, and antiparallel. The force on the second dipole and the work done by an external agent bringing it towards x are also mentioned. The dipole moment, electric field, force, energy, and work are all defined, with the equations used to calculate them included.
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Homework Statement


Using the general expression for the electric field of a dipole, estabilish a simplified expression for the electric field at a point along the x-axis produced by a dipole (p1) at the origin in the z direction.
Use this to find the energy of a second dipole p2 placed at a point x in 3 cases when i) p2 is parallel to p1 ii) they are perpendicular iii) they are anti-parallel. Then for each case find the force on p2 and the work done by an external agent bringing p2 towards x.

Homework Equations



(simplified, although they should be written as vector integrals)
Dipole moment: p = qd
Field: E = kQ/r²
Force: F = EQ = kQq/r² = kpd/r²
Energy: U = kQ/r

(k= Coulombs constant, Q= source, q=test charge, r=distance between charges)

The Attempt at a Solution


For the first part, the dipole moment p at the origin would have charge q (point of the x axis) and the distance d (between that point and the origin). Then d = r (between reference point) so E = kpd/r² = kpd/r

So would the energy just be the field integrated along the distance r. Would the orientation of p2 would just change the sign for the energy: positive if they're parallel, zero if perpendicular and negative if antiparallel? I am still kind of confused between work, energy and potential in electrostatic fields
 
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  • #2
.Force would be equal to the electric field times the dipole moment for p2, right? And work done by an external agent is just the force integrated along the distance x?
 

What is an electric dipole?

An electric dipole is a pair of equal and opposite charges that are separated by a small distance. It is a fundamental concept in electromagnetism and is used to describe the behavior of electric fields and the interactions between charges.

How is an electric dipole represented?

An electric dipole is typically represented by a vector, with the positive charge being at the tip of the arrow and the negative charge at the base. The direction of the vector points from the negative to the positive charge.

What is the electric dipole moment?

The electric dipole moment is a measure of the strength of an electric dipole. It is defined as the product of the magnitude of either charge and the distance between them. It is measured in units of Coulomb-meters (C·m).

What is the significance of an electric dipole in electric fields?

An electric dipole experiences a torque when placed in an electric field, causing it to align itself with the field. This behavior is important in many applications, such as in electric motors and generators.

How does an electric dipole interact with other dipoles?

When two electric dipoles are placed near each other, they can either align with or repel each other depending on their orientations. This interaction plays a crucial role in determining the properties of materials, such as their dielectric constant.

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