Why is the Electric Field Magnitude Zero in the Z Direction for an EM Wave?

Since the electric field is oscillating in the x-y plane, its magnitude must be zero in the z direction. In summary, the magnitude of the electric field is zero in the z direction for an EM wave because of the relationship between the directions of oscillation and wave propagation dictated by Maxwell's equations.
  • #1
ksnf3000
5
0
Hello All,

I am a masters student in electronics engg and reading technical electrodynamics.
Please let me know why the magnitude of the electric field is zero in the z direction if we consider a wave propagating in the +ve z direction. Mathematically, it is clear; however i would like to physically understand why this is happening.

Quick replies will be highly appreciated!

Thanks and Regards,

ksnf3000
 
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  • #2
"Because Maxwell's Equations are true." Seroiusly, that's the answer to your question. It comes as a result of Maxwell's equations that, in an EM wave, the directions of oscillation of the electric and magnetic fields must both be perpendicular to the direction of wave propagation.
 

What is electric field magnitude?

Electric field magnitude refers to the strength or intensity of an electric field at a specific point in space. It is a measure of the force exerted on a charged particle at that point.

How is electric field magnitude calculated?

Electric field magnitude is calculated by dividing the force exerted on a charged particle by the charge of the particle itself. This can be represented by the equation E = F/q, where E is the electric field magnitude, F is the force, and q is the charge of the particle.

What are the units of electric field magnitude?

The SI unit for electric field magnitude is Newtons per Coulomb (N/C). However, other common units include Volts per meter (V/m) and Tesla (T).

How does electric field magnitude differ from electric potential?

Electric field magnitude and electric potential are related but different concepts. Electric field magnitude measures the strength of the electric field, while electric potential measures the amount of work required to move a charged particle from one point to another in an electric field. Electric field magnitude is a vector quantity, while electric potential is a scalar quantity.

What factors affect the electric field magnitude?

The electric field magnitude is affected by the charge of the particle creating the field, the distance from the particle, and the presence of any other charges in the vicinity. It also depends on the medium in which the electric field is present, as different materials have different abilities to conduct or resist the flow of electric charge.

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