Equilibrium temperature and Dulong-Petit law

In summary, the problem asks to find the equilibrium temperature of a thermally insulated system containing 1 mole of a diatomic ideal gas at 100K and 2 moles of a solid at 200K, separated by a rigid insulating wall. The solid is assumed to obey the Dulong-Petit law and the container is divided in a way that there is no change in volume when the insulating wall is removed. The solution involves considering the changes as isochoric, with no work being done and the change in internal energy being equal to the heat added.
  • #1
ChrisBaker8
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Homework Statement



A thermally insulated system consists of 1 mole of a diatomic ideal gas at 100K and 2 moles of a solid at 200K that are separated by a rigid insulating wall. Find the equilibrium temperature of the system after the insulating wall is removed, assuming the solid obeys the Dulong-Petit law. (Assume that the container is divided in such a way that there is no change in volume of the substances when the insulating wall is removed)

Homework Equations



c = 3R/M (D-P law)

Qv (gas) = 2.5 * R * [tex]\Delta[/tex]T
Qp (gas) = 3.5 * R * [tex]\Delta[/tex]T

c = C/m

c' = C/n

The Attempt at a Solution



I'm not sure how to start this without knowing what the substances are. Since there's no change in volume the changes are isochoric, therefore no work done, and the change in internal energy is equal to the heat added.
 
Last edited:
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  • #2
The system is thermally insulated. How can heat be added?
 
  • #3
...I didn't notice that part, that simplifies things. Thanks.
 

1. What is equilibrium temperature?

Equilibrium temperature is the temperature at which a system reaches thermal equilibrium, meaning that the heat transfer between the system and its surroundings is balanced and the temperature of the system remains constant.

2. How is equilibrium temperature calculated?

Equilibrium temperature can be calculated using the Dulong-Petit law, which states that for a solid element, the product of its specific heat capacity and its atomic weight is a constant value at any temperature. This constant value can be used to calculate the equilibrium temperature of a system.

3. What is the Dulong-Petit law?

The Dulong-Petit law is a thermodynamic law that relates the specific heat capacity of a solid element to its atomic weight. It states that the product of these two values is a constant at any temperature, and this constant can be used to calculate the equilibrium temperature of a system.

4. What is the significance of the Dulong-Petit law?

The Dulong-Petit law is significant because it provides a simple and accurate way to calculate the equilibrium temperature of a system. It also helped to validate the idea that all matter is made up of atoms, as the law is based on the assumption that all solid elements are composed of individual atoms.

5. Are there any limitations to the Dulong-Petit law?

Yes, there are limitations to the Dulong-Petit law. It only applies to solid elements at high temperatures and is not valid for compounds or elements in other states of matter. It also does not take into account quantum mechanical effects and can give inaccurate results for elements with low atomic weights or complex crystal structures.

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