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According to an outside observer, an object slows down as it approaches the event horizon but never reaches it. Why does it slow down?
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An object approaching the event horizon refers to a situation where an object, such as a star or a black hole, is getting closer to the point of no return in a gravitational field. This point is called the event horizon and it is the boundary beyond which the object's escape velocity exceeds the speed of light, making it impossible for anything to escape from its gravitational pull.
An object slows down when approaching the event horizon because of the extreme gravitational force exerted by the massive object, which causes time and space to bend around it. As the object gets closer to the event horizon, the gravitational pull becomes stronger, making it harder for the object to escape. This results in the object appearing to slow down from an outside observer's perspective.
The slowing down of an object near the event horizon is a direct consequence of Einstein's theory of relativity. According to this theory, time and space are not fixed but are rather relative to the observer's frame of reference. In the case of an object approaching the event horizon, the intense gravitational force causes a distortion in space-time, leading to the slowing down of time for the object.
From an outside observer's perspective, an object can never reach the event horizon. As the object gets closer to the event horizon, the gravitational pull becomes stronger, causing time dilation and making it appear to slow down. This effect becomes more pronounced as the object gets closer to the event horizon, making it seem like the object is frozen in time at the event horizon.
Once an object crosses the event horizon, it is no longer visible to an outside observer. This is because the gravitational force at the event horizon is so strong that even light cannot escape from it. Therefore, the object becomes invisible and is forever trapped in the black hole. This is known as the point of no return as nothing, including light, can escape from the black hole once it has crossed the event horizon.