Calculate Magnetic Field Strength for Deflecting Electron in CRT?

In summary: Additionally, you may want to consider using the small-angle approximation (sin(x) ~ x for small x) to simplify your calculations.In summary, the conversation discusses finding the field strength needed to deflect an electron by 10 degrees after it is accelerated through a potential difference of 10kV and passes through a 2.0cm wide region of uniform magnetic field. The solution involves finding the velocity of the electron, the time it takes to pass through the field, and the acceleration in the y-direction. Using the formula F = qvBsin(theta) and solving for B, the field strength is calculated to be 0.00585 T, which differs from the actual answer of 2.9 mT.
  • #1
m84uily
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Homework Statement


An electron in a cathode-ray tube is accelerated through a potential difference of 10kV, then passes through the 2.0cm wide region of uniform magnetic field.What field strength will deflect the electron by 10 degrees?


Homework Equations


Ki + Ui = Kf + Uf
K = (1/2)(m)v^2
(dU) = q(dV)
distance = (vi)(t) + (1/2)(acceleration)t^2
electron mass = 9.10938188 × 10^(-31)
electron charge = 1.60217646 × 10^(-19)

The Attempt at a Solution



Starting to find out the velocity with which the electron left the tube:
Ki + Ui = Kf + Uf
Ki = 0
-(Uf - Ui) = Kf
-dU = Kf
-q(dV) = Kf
-q(dV) = (1/2)(m)(vf)^2
(-2q(dV) / m)^(1/2) = vf
vf = 59 307 675 m/s

Now I know that the electron has changed its path by 10 degrees so:
change in the y = (.02m)(sin(10)) = .00347m

Finding out the time it took for the electron to pass through the 2cm field:
distance = (vi)(t) + (1/2)(acceleration)t^2
acceleration = 0 so
t = (distance) / (vi) = (.02m)/(59 307 675 m/s) = 3.372 x 10^(-10)s

Finding the acceleration in the y:
distance = (vi)(t) + (1/2)(acceleration)t^2
vi = 0
2(distance)/(t^2) = 2(.00347m)/(.372 x 10^(-10)s)^2 = 61026895446262593.75 m/s^2= acceleration

So we can say the force acting on the electron is:
F = ma = (9.10938188 × 10^(-31))(1026895446262593.75) = 5.5591729557083898522805125 x 10^(-14) N

Now to just solve for the electric field:
F = qvBsin(theta)
theta = 90 degrees
F = qvB
F/qv = B
B = 5.5591729557083898522805125 x 10^(-14) / ((59 307 675)(1.60217646 × 10^(-19)))
= 0.0058504455313400798249151657115222
With significant figures = 0.00585 T

The actual answer is 2.9 mT

Thanks in advance!
 
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  • #2
I haven't fully checked your work, but I do see a sin(10) somewhere in there. Unless your calculator is in DEG mode, this will not produce the expected answer.
 

1. How is magnetic field strength measured?

Magnetic field strength is measured using a device called a magnetometer. This device detects the strength of a magnetic field by measuring the force exerted on a magnet placed in the field.

2. What is the unit of measurement for magnetic field strength?

The unit of measurement for magnetic field strength is called Tesla (T). Another commonly used unit is Gauss (G), with 1 T being equal to 10,000 G.

3. How does the distance from a magnet affect the magnetic field strength?

The magnetic field strength decreases as the distance from the magnet increases. This is because the magnetic field spreads out as it moves away from the source.

4. Can the magnetic field strength of a permanent magnet be changed?

No, the magnetic field strength of a permanent magnet cannot be changed. It is a property of the material and shape of the magnet itself.

5. How does the direction of a magnetic field affect its strength?

The strength of a magnetic field depends on the direction of the field lines. The field strength is strongest at the poles of a magnet and weakest in the areas between the poles.

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