Fourth Fundamental Force 1986

In summary, there are currently thought to be four fundamental forces in nature: Gravitational Force, Strong Nuclear Force, Weak Nuclear Force, and Electromagnetic Force. There have been attempts to find evidence of a fifth fundamental force, with one being reported in 1986 that changed the relation F = G*m*M/R*R to some other relation. However, this was not confirmed by further experiments and was likely due to a faulty analysis or experimental error. There are ongoing efforts to unify the four known forces into one, with theories such as Grand Unified Theories (GUTs) and Theory of Everything (TOE). Some potential candidates for a fifth force include dark energy and dark matter, but it is currently thought that these phenomena can
  • #1
shanu_bhaiya
64
0
We know that there are three fundamental forces:

1. Gravitational Force
2. Strong Nuclear Force
3. Quark-Quark Force (unified by Weak Nuclear and Electromagnetic Force)

I've heard about the fourth fundamental force which was found in 1986 and changed the relation:
F = G*m*M/R*R
to some another relation.

If you know about this force please briefly describe that here...and also that changed relation.
 
Physics news on Phys.org
  • #2
Nobody was able to confirm the "fourth force" results, as I recall, and I think they were finally explained as a faulty analysis or experimental error.
 
  • #3
shanu_bhaiya said:
We know that there are three fundamental forces:
1. Gravitational Force
2. Strong Nuclear Force
3. Quark-Quark Force (unified by Weak Nuclear and Electromagnetic Force)

I believe you are slightly confused. The interactions of the color field (quarks and gluons carry color- no other fundamental particle do). The weak force involves leptons and changes in the "flavor" of particles and the electromagnetc involves charged particles.
Gravitation of course deals with mass. Quarks carry both color charge and electric charge so they participate in all of these fundamental processes. Leptons (for instance electrons, muons, etc) do not carry color charge and there for do not interact through the strong nuclear force.

As far as the idea that Newton's Universal Law of Gravitation is incorrect, I would take it up with someone who knows a little more about General Relativity. GR is Eintsein's law for gravity which radically departed from our previous notions of gravity. This did not happen in 1986 though.

I hope I cleared up some information.
Cheers,
Ryan
 
  • #4
Norman said:
As far as the idea that Newton's Universal Law of Gravitation is incorrect, I would take it up with someone who knows a little more about General Relativity. GR is Eintsein's law for gravity which radically departed from our previous notions of gravity. This did not happen in 1986 though.

At that time someone reported very precise measurements of gravitational force as a function of distance, that appeared to deviate from 1/r^2 proportionality. They suggested that the deviations might actually be a separate fundamental force. There was a lot of discussion about this "fifth force" for a while. More careful experiments didn't confirm this, and I think someone found possible sources of systematic error in the original experiment. This was almost twenty years ago, so my memory is vague.
 
  • #5
shanu_bhaiya said:
We know that there are three fundamental forces:
1. Gravitational Force
2. Strong Nuclear Force
3. Quark-Quark Force (unified by Weak Nuclear and Electromagnetic Force)
I've heard about the fourth fundamental force which was found in 1986 and changed the relation:
F = G*m*M/R*R
to some another relation.
If you know about this force please briefly describe that here...and also that changed relation.

haven't they been able to combine the strong, weak and electromagnetic forces into one force?
 
  • #6
ComputerGeek said:
haven't they been able to combine the strong, weak and electromagnetic forces into one force?
Nope. Lots of work being done in this area though. The standard model uses strong and electroweak but they are not unified in the theory.
Cheers,
Ryan
 
  • #7
ComputerGeek said:
haven't they been able to combine the strong, weak and electromagnetic forces into one force?

They are trying and many of the Great Unifying Theories are being made in order to unify all the forces. TOE is 1 of the greatest...:rolleyes:
 
  • #8
shanu_bhaiya said:
They are trying and many of the Great Unifying Theories are being made in order to unify all the forces. TOE is 1 of the greatest...:rolleyes:

I think you are confused. Grand Unified Theories or GUTs look to unify the strong force with the electroweak in the same way that electromagnetics and weak interactions were unified. Theory of Everything or TOE looks to unify all the fundamental forces (gravity, electroweak and strong). I believe that M-theory would be classified under an attempt at a TOE. But I am by no means an expert in Strings and their theories.

But their is a distinct difference in GUTs and TOEs- that being the inclusion or exclusion of gravity.

Cheers,
Ryan

Edit: I just realized I misread the post I am quoting: I have never heard of Great Unified Theory. I assumed this person simply meant Grand Unified Theory. But I may be wrong and if I am the post is still here to clear up any other misconceptions.
 
Last edited:
  • #9
It is customary to speak of four forces (Gravity, EM, Weak, Strong) despite electro-weak unification. Thus, an additional force would be a fifth force.

There are a couple leading candidates out there for fifth forces. The strongest one is as a mechanism to explain what is commonly called "dark energy", i.e. a tendency of the expansion of the universe to accellerate. Another one is the notion that perhaps the phenomena known as "dark matter" is instead a fifth force. However, even among people who explore dark energy and dark matter phenomena as problems in the existing laws of nature rather than from a "missing stuff" hypothesis, the usual approach is to modify existing general relativity equations, rather than to create a truly independent fifth force.

Another approach to getting to a fifth force would be to describe the inertia effects of a Higgs field as a force.
 
  • #10
There is the Casimir effect. That could be a 5th force. It happens when two plates very close together disturb the vacuum energy and move together... or something.
 

1. What is the "Fourth Fundamental Force 1986"?

The Fourth Fundamental Force 1986 is a theoretical concept proposed by physicist J. Michael Kosterlitz in 1986. It suggests the existence of a fourth fundamental force of nature, in addition to the currently known forces: gravity, electromagnetism, and the strong and weak nuclear forces.

2. How is the Fourth Fundamental Force 1986 different from the other fundamental forces?

The Fourth Fundamental Force 1986 is hypothesized to be a long-range force, unlike the other three fundamental forces which act over relatively short distances. It is also believed to be weaker than the other forces, making it difficult to detect and study.

3. What evidence supports the existence of the Fourth Fundamental Force 1986?

Currently, there is no direct evidence for the Fourth Fundamental Force 1986. However, there have been some observations that may be explained by its existence, such as the anomalous rotation of galaxies and the acceleration of the expansion of the universe. Further research and experimentation are needed to confirm its existence.

4. How does the Fourth Fundamental Force 1986 relate to the search for a unified theory of physics?

The existence of a fourth fundamental force could potentially complicate the search for a unified theory of physics, which aims to explain all known forces and particles under one framework. Some theories, such as string theory, attempt to incorporate the Fourth Fundamental Force 1986 into their models.

5. Is there any practical application for the Fourth Fundamental Force 1986?

At this time, there are no known practical applications for the Fourth Fundamental Force 1986. However, the study of this force could lead to a better understanding of the universe and its fundamental laws, which could have far-reaching implications in the future.

Similar threads

  • High Energy, Nuclear, Particle Physics
Replies
4
Views
1K
  • High Energy, Nuclear, Particle Physics
Replies
2
Views
2K
  • High Energy, Nuclear, Particle Physics
Replies
4
Views
2K
  • Other Physics Topics
Replies
13
Views
1K
  • High Energy, Nuclear, Particle Physics
Replies
4
Views
2K
  • Other Physics Topics
Replies
15
Views
2K
Replies
13
Views
1K
  • High Energy, Nuclear, Particle Physics
Replies
11
Views
2K
  • Special and General Relativity
Replies
5
Views
350
  • High Energy, Nuclear, Particle Physics
Replies
4
Views
2K
Back
Top