Understanding the Impact of Pressure on Reaction Energy

In summary, the heat of reaction is the change in the internal energy of a system that occurs when a reaction is run at constant pressure. This change is influenced by the amount of work done on or by the system, and is related to temperature through the ideal gas law. For more information, refer to a resource on heat from both a physics and chemistry perspective.
  • #1
PPonte
The heat of reaction is:

The amount of heat absorbed or evolved when specified amounts of compounds react under constant pressure.
The change in the enthalpy of the system that occurs when a reaction is run at constant pressure.

My question is: what does the change in pressure do to the energy involved in a reaction?
 
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  • #2
To increase the pressure you have to do work on the system, thereby increasing the energy. To decrease the pressure (aslong as it is above 1 atm) you have to allow the system to do work. This a bit of a rough and ready explanation I'll admit.
 
  • #3
Ok. Rough but good.
So, the heat of reaction is the change in the internal energy of the systhem. Right?
 
  • #4
Temperature is the mean kinetic energy of the particles in that system. The average kinetic energy of a system can said to be
[tex] E_k = \frac{3}{2}kT [/tex]
The ideal gas law links, pressure volume and temperature:
[tex]pV = nRT = NkT [/tex]
[itex]n[/itex] is number of moles; [itex]R[/itex]is molar gas constant; [itex]N[/itex] is number of molecules/particles; [itex]k[/itex] is the Boltzmann constant [itex]= \frac{R}{N_A}[/itex] where [itex]N_A[/itex] is Avagadro's constant.

For more information on heat see http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/heacon.html#heacon . But be aware that this is heat from a physics perspective and chemistry.
 

1. What is pressure?

Pressure is defined as the force exerted on a surface per unit area. In other words, it is a measure of how much force is distributed over a certain area.

2. How does pressure affect reaction energy?

Pressure can affect reaction energy in various ways. It can affect the rate of a reaction by changing the concentration and availability of reactants, as well as influencing the equilibrium position of a reaction. It can also affect the activation energy required for a reaction to occur.

3. What is the relationship between pressure and reaction energy?

The relationship between pressure and reaction energy is often referred to as the Le Chatelier's principle. This principle states that if pressure is increased, the equilibrium will shift to the side with fewer moles of gas in order to reduce the pressure. This can result in a change in the reaction energy.

4. Can pressure be used to control reaction energy?

Yes, pressure can be used to control reaction energy. By adjusting the pressure, the equilibrium position of a reaction can be manipulated, resulting in a change in the reaction energy. This is often used in industrial processes to optimize reaction conditions and increase efficiency.

5. How can pressure be measured in a reaction?

Pressure can be measured using a variety of instruments such as barometers, manometers, and pressure gauges. In a reaction, pressure can be directly measured by placing a pressure sensor or gauge in the reaction vessel. Alternatively, the pressure can also be calculated using the ideal gas law, where pressure is equal to the number of moles of gas multiplied by the gas constant and the temperature.

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