Hilbert space question; show Y is complete iff closed

In summary, the proof shows that in a complete normed linear space, a subspace Y is also complete if and only if it is closed.
  • #1
mathplease
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I would like a second opinion on my answer to this question as I'm confusing myself thinking about my proof. Any input is appreciated

Homework Statement



"Let (X, ||.||) be a complete normed linear space and Y [tex]\subset[/tex]X be a non-empty subspace of X. Then (Y, ||.||) is a normed linear space. Show that Y is complete if and only if it is closed."

Homework Equations



convergent sequence: http://mathworld.wolfram.com/ConvergentSequence.html"

cauchy sequence: http://mathworld.wolfram.com/CauchySequence.html"

complete: a normed linear space in which every cauchy seq is convergent is complete

closed: (X,||.||) is a normed linear space. A is closed if {xn} [tex]\subseteq[/tex] A [tex]\subseteq[/tex] X and xn-> x then x [tex]\in[/tex]A.

The Attempt at a Solution



Let {yn} be a Cauchy sequence in Y. Since (X,||.||) is complete, yn converges to y[tex]\in[/tex]X. Assuming Y is closed: y[tex]\in[/tex]Y.
Hence, Y is complete.

Conversely,
assume Y is complete. Let {yn} be a convergent sequence in Y. Since convergent sequences are Cauchy, {yn} is a Cauchy sequence.
Since Y is a complete normed linear space yn[tex]\rightarrow[/tex]y [tex]\in[/tex]Y (Cauchy sequences converge).
Hence Y is closed.

Therefore Y is complete if and only if it is closed.
 
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  • #2
Second Opinion: Your proof looks correct. The main idea is that if a Cauchy sequence converges, then it must converge to a point in Y since Y is closed. And if Y is complete, then a sequence in Y will always converge. So the two concepts are related, and your proof captures that.
 

1. What is a Hilbert space?

A Hilbert space is a mathematical concept that represents an infinite-dimensional vector space. It is a generalization of the Euclidean space, which is defined by a finite number of dimensions. In a Hilbert space, vectors can have an infinite number of components and are defined by their magnitude and direction.

2. What does it mean for a Hilbert space to be complete?

A Hilbert space is considered complete if all Cauchy sequences in the space converge to a point within the space. In other words, there are no missing points in the space, and it is possible to find the limit of any sequence within the space.

3. How is completeness related to closedness in a Hilbert space?

A Hilbert space is considered closed if it contains all of its limit points. This means that the closure of the space is equal to the space itself. In a complete Hilbert space, every Cauchy sequence converges to a point within the space, and this point must also be within the closure of the space. Therefore, a Hilbert space is complete if and only if it is closed.

4. Can you give an example of a Hilbert space that is complete but not closed?

Yes, an example of a Hilbert space that is complete but not closed is the space of continuous functions on the interval [0, 1] with the inner product defined as ∫01f(x)g(x)dx. This space is complete, as every Cauchy sequence of continuous functions converges to a continuous function. However, it is not closed, as the limit of some sequences may be a non-continuous function.

5. How is completeness of a Hilbert space useful in mathematics and science?

The concept of completeness in a Hilbert space is essential in mathematics and science because it allows us to work with spaces that have an infinite number of dimensions. It provides a rigorous framework for understanding concepts such as convergence, continuity, and orthogonality in these infinite-dimensional spaces. This is especially useful in fields such as quantum mechanics, where Hilbert spaces are used to model physical systems.

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