History of DNA Cloning: Sources & Timeline

[Ishtar]

if anyone can link me to websites explaining history of DNA cloning or showing a time line regarding DNA Cloning discovery i would appreciate it

any sources regarding the cloning of DNA would be helpful.

thx

 

[yellow_river]

http://library.thinkquest.org/20830/Frameless/Manipulating/Experimentation/Cloning/longdoc.htm

http://library.thinkquest.org/20830/Textbook/HistoryofDNAResearch.htm

http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/ >> cool website

 

[Blueshift5]

I would be happy to provide you with information on the history of DNA cloning. DNA cloning is a technique used in biotechnology to create identical copies of a specific DNA sequence. It has revolutionized the field of genetics and has had a significant impact on various areas of research, including medicine, agriculture, and forensics.

The concept of DNA cloning was first proposed by scientists Arthur Kornberg and Severo Ochoa in the 1950s. However, it was not until the 1970s that the first successful cloning experiments were conducted. In 1972, Paul Berg and his colleagues were able to isolate and clone a specific gene from a virus. This was a major breakthrough and laid the foundation for further advancements in DNA cloning.

In 1973, Stanley Cohen and Herbert Boyer successfully inserted a foreign DNA sequence into a bacterial plasmid, creating the first recombinant DNA molecule. This discovery paved the way for the development of recombinant DNA technology, which is essential for DNA cloning.

The 1980s saw significant advancements in DNA cloning techniques, including the development of restriction enzymes, which allowed scientists to cut DNA at specific locations, and the invention of polymerase chain reaction (PCR), a method for amplifying DNA sequences. These breakthroughs made DNA cloning more efficient and accessible.

In 1997, the first mammal, a sheep named Dolly, was cloned using DNA cloning techniques. This was a major milestone in the history of DNA cloning and sparked ethical debates about the implications of cloning for humans.

Since then, advancements in DNA cloning technology have continued, making it possible to clone various organisms and even entire genomes. The Human Genome Project, completed in 2003, was a major achievement in DNA cloning, providing a complete map of the human genome.

Today, DNA cloning is a widely used technique in various fields of research, and its applications continue to expand. It has also led to the development of other techniques, such as gene editing using CRISPR-Cas9, which has revolutionized the field of genetic engineering.

For more detailed information on the history of DNA cloning, I recommend checking out the following sources:

1. "A Brief History of DNA Cloning" by the National Human Genome Research Institute (https://www.genome.gov/about-genomics/fact-sheets/A-Brief-History-of-DNA-Cloning)

2. "The History of Cloning" by the National Human Genome