How 3D panorama imaging works?

In summary, the idea is to take multiple images of the same scene at different angles and then fuse them together to create a 3D panorama. This can be done quickly and without the need for a gyroscope.
  • #1
Adel Makram
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15
The fundamental question, what is the reference geometry where images can be fused to form a 3D panorama? In other words, how images are assigned a 3D position? Does it require a gyroscope to be built in camera to define its position per image of the interest? Or just it simply fuses images with a common pixel values of color for example?
 
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  • #3
This looks even more advanced than the simple 3D panorama applied in mobile phone, such as HTC. In HTC there are multiple images of the surrounding are taken by rotating around a central point where the mobile camera is located. then 3D is originated after fusion. My question, will it apply the same idea in the first step of Photosynth, where where common features of images are applied, or it exploits the gyro function of the camera to identify the position/
 
  • #4
  • #6
Borg said:
@Adel Makram Maybe what you're asking about is the basics of stereoscopy as it relates to 3D viewers?
No, I am asking about 3D panorama imaging. I found that stitching imaging is the technique adopted by most companies. This is done by fusion of multiple images taken at different angles with some overlapping fields. It seems that this is done by finding common pattern/color to match between different images. However, this is all done with no relation to any reference frame which means that it does not require a gyroscope in its action.
In fact, this could act as a gyroscope itself. For example, the first step is to obtain a 3D panorama. Then followed by the second step which is shooting at any angle, of course with the camera kept at the same position as 3D panorama has been originally taken. This will relate the current image with the 3D virtual world of panorama images and then can define the angle relative to the virtual world frame of reference. In other words, it will then act as a gyroscope or better to say a virtual gyroscope.
 
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  • #7
Adel Makram said:
No, I am asking about 3D panorama imaging. I found that stitching imaging is the technique adopted by most companies. This is done by fusion of multiple images taken at different angles with some overlapping fields. It seems that this is done by finding common pattern/color to match between different images. However, this is all done with no relation to any reference frame which means that it does not require a gyroscope in its action.
In fact, this could act as a gyroscope itself. For example, the first step is to obtain a 3D panorama. Then followed by the second step which is shooting at any angle, of course with the camera kept at the same position as 3D panorama has been originally taken. This will relate the current image with the 3D virtual world of panorama images and then can define the angle relative to the virtual world frame of reference. In other words, it will then act as a gyroscope or better to say a virtual gyroscope.

When you are trying to find the best match between areas of two images, its called the Correspondence Problem, which has been a big important problem for a long time. One way to solve it in reasonable time is through convolution of sections of a downscaled image, then tuning into local areas for even better matches. Convolution can be done quickly through multiplying the Fourier Transforms of areas to matched. I believe this is used in some consumer drones, to hold a steady position above the ground via a photo of the ground, tracking its movement that way. I'm sure there are other better ways of matching image sections for stitching I don't know about either. The challenge with what you're talking about though is deriving the 6 degrees of freedom - x, y, z (spacial location of camera) theta, rho, psi (rotation of camera) from a simple 2D image. If all you are dealing with is the rotation on one axis, you could do pretty well, but deducing the 6 is really hard. Has the red ball moved 10 pixels left because the camera moved right, or rotated right? But on the other hand, I have seen pretty good panorama stitches from just holding the camera without a tripod, so you may have a good idea there...

edit: fixed error
 
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  • #8
There’s something about the shape or aspect ratio of panoramic photographs that always makes you slow down for a closer look. Most of the pictures we view on a regular basis in print or online are invariably horizontal, in 3:2 or 4:3 rectangular aspect ratios, which can be visually digested with a quick pass or two of our eyes. The visual data contained within wider-aspect panorama photographs, however, is distributed across a field of view (FOV) too wide to absorb in a single glance—let alone in two or three glances—depending on the subject matter.

In addition to their attention-grabbing aspect ratios, panoramic photographs catch our attention because panoramic images are quite similar to the way we see the world, through horizontally aligned eyes.
 

1. How does 3D panorama imaging create a three-dimensional effect?

3D panorama imaging works by taking multiple images from different angles and stitching them together to create a 3D image. This creates the illusion of depth and allows viewers to see the image from different perspectives.

2. What technology is used for capturing 3D panorama images?

3D panorama imaging uses specialized cameras or software to capture multiple images from different angles and combine them into a single 3D image. Some popular technologies used include stereoscopic cameras, laser scanning, and photogrammetry.

3. Can any camera be used for 3D panorama imaging?

While some cameras have built-in features for capturing 3D images, not all cameras are suitable for 3D panorama imaging. Specialized cameras or software may be required to capture and stitch together the images in order to create a 3D effect.

4. How does 3D panorama imaging differ from regular photography?

In regular photography, a single image is captured to represent a scene. However, in 3D panorama imaging, multiple images are taken and combined to create a 3D representation of a scene. This allows for a more immersive and interactive viewing experience.

5. What are the applications of 3D panorama imaging?

3D panorama imaging has a wide range of applications, including virtual tours, 3D mapping, video games, and virtual reality. It is also commonly used in architecture, real estate, and tourism industries to showcase properties and locations in a more engaging way.

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