How can DNA fit into the nucleus?

In summary, the nucleus of a cell contains DNA in the form of tightly coiled and highly packed chromosomes, which are organized and compacted by histones. During cell division, the chromosomes condense even further and are evenly divided between daughter cells. While DNA is tightly bound to the nucleus, small sections can be temporarily released for transcription or replication. When not in use, DNA remains tightly coiled within the nucleus for protection and efficient use of space, but can quickly be accessed for use when needed.
  • #1
DespicableMe
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Homework Statement



How does a large DNA molecule enclosed in the nucleus of a cell?

The Attempt at a Solution


I know it has to do with histones and how DNA winds twice around it to make it shorter, but can anyone further expand on this?
Thanks : )
 
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  • #2
Google 'chromatin'. (or histones for that matter).
 

1. How can DNA fit into the small space of the nucleus?

The nucleus of a cell contains DNA in the form of chromosomes, which are long, thread-like structures. These chromosomes are able to fit into the small space of the nucleus because they are highly coiled and tightly packed. This compact packaging allows for a large amount of DNA to be contained within the nucleus.

2. What is the role of histones in DNA packaging?

Histones are proteins that help organize and compact DNA within the nucleus. They act as spools around which the DNA is coiled, making it easier to fit into the limited space of the nucleus. Histones also play a role in regulating gene expression by controlling which parts of the DNA are accessible for transcription.

3. How does DNA fit into the nucleus during cell division?

DNA must be replicated and divided equally between daughter cells during cell division. To achieve this, the chromosomes condense even further and become visible under a microscope. They then line up along the center of the cell before being pulled apart into the two new cells, ensuring that each cell receives a complete set of DNA.

4. Can DNA be removed from the nucleus?

DNA is tightly bound to the proteins in the nucleus, making it difficult to remove without causing damage. However, during the process of transcription, small sections of DNA are temporarily released from the nucleus to be copied into messenger RNA. Some viruses are also able to remove DNA from the nucleus for their own replication.

5. What happens to DNA when it is not actively being used?

When DNA is not actively being transcribed or replicated, it remains tightly coiled and compacted within the nucleus. This helps protect the DNA from damage and also allows for efficient use of space within the nucleus. However, the DNA is constantly being monitored and can quickly be accessed and used when needed.

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