Producing C5H11OH: Uses & Isomers

  • Thread starter skander
  • Start date
In summary, Alcohols are produced by reducing carbonyl compounds. One common method is hydration of alkenes. However, it shall not help in all the isomers. Another method is reduction of carbonyl compounds.
  • #1
skander
16
0

Homework Statement


I was asked to list all isomers and to describe the production and 2 uses for this type of alcohol. (C5H11OH)


Homework Equations





The Attempt at a Solution



I got all the isomers and 2 use for the alcohol but cannot seem to figure out how it is produced. If someone can tell me what I should be looking for I would be grateful.
 
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  • #2
So, tell us what alcohols you came up with!
 
  • #3
Preperation depends from isomer to isomer. One very common method is hydration of alkenes. It shall also help you with the isomers as it is as simple as just moving the double bond. However, it shall not help in all the isomers.

another method is reduction of carbonyl compounds. This shall also help with a few isomers by selecting the respective isomeric aldehydes/ketones/carboxylic acids/esters.
 
  • #4
For the isomers I have:
1-pentanol
3-methyl 1-butanol
2-methyl 1-butanol
2,2-dimethyl-1-propanol
3-pentanol
2-pentanol
3-methyl-2-butanol
2-methyl-2-butanol

so how can I determine how these are produced?
 
  • #5
Do you not understand how these alcohols are produced or how alcohols are produced in general?
 
  • #6
Well, I'm not sure exactly but as far as I know you need an alkene, water and H2SO4 to make them react.

So I guess for 1-pentanol the reaction would be

CH3-CH2-CH-CH-CH3 + H2O ----------> CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH3

(I can't figure out how to space[H2SO4] [OH] text yet so look at the brackets and align H2SO4 and OH)


Is this correct?
 
Last edited:
  • #7
skander said:
CH3-CH2-CH-CH-CH3 + H2O ----------> CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH3
Is this correct?

actually.. nope.. remember i said hydration of alkenes. You have an alkane here...

EDIT: i think u mean that the CH=CH is a double bond [u've written CH-CH]. Well, on the other hand side, an alcohol is to be formed. How do you think water [itex]H_2O[/itex] can provide an [itex]OH[/itex] group and how could it attach to the hydrocarbon.

HINT: There is high electron density over the pi-bonds.
 
Last edited:
  • #8
Ok,
H2SO4​
CH3-CH2-CH=CH-CH3+H20 ----------------> CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH3
|​
OH​

(and this would also apply to 2 and 3 pentanol by just switching the location of OH)


I hope that's right :confused:
 
  • #9
errmm,

CH3CH2CH=CHCH3 + H2O -------> CH3CH2CH(OH)CH2CH3

depending on where the OH from water attaches, CH3CH2CH2CH(OH)CH3 can also be formed.

the alcohol you want is propan-2-ol, and you take pent-2-ene for this. you can also get propan-3-ol as you said.

if you were to produce 2,2 dimethyl propan-1-ol, which alkene you would use? think of where the -OH should attach.

the key is to visualize the molecules.

are you aware of the mechanism of this type of reaction? electrophilic addition reaction says something to you?
 
  • #10
Electrophilic addition reaction doesn't mean anything to me but i think that I understand what you are saying. The Oh will take the place of the double bond so depending on the alkene is what would affect the OH.
 
  • #11
H2O will add itself to the double bond. one of the carbon receives an H atom, and the other receives the OH group.
 

What is C5H11OH?

C5H11OH is the chemical formula for a group of organic compounds known as pentanols. These compounds consist of five carbon atoms, eleven hydrogen atoms, and one hydroxyl (OH) group.

What are the uses of C5H11OH?

C5H11OH is used as a solvent in various industrial processes, as well as in the production of other chemicals such as esters, detergents, and plasticizers. It is also used as a fuel additive and in the manufacture of perfumes and fragrances.

What are the isomers of C5H11OH?

The three main isomers of C5H11OH are 1-pentanol, 2-pentanol, and 3-pentanol. These isomers have the same molecular formula but different structural arrangements, resulting in different physical and chemical properties.

How is C5H11OH produced?

C5H11OH is primarily produced through the hydration of a variety of alkenes or through the reduction of pentanal. It can also be derived from fermentation processes using sugars or carbohydrates.

Is C5H11OH toxic?

C5H11OH is considered to be moderately toxic and can cause irritation to the skin, eyes, and respiratory system. It should be handled with caution and proper protective equipment should be worn when working with this compound.

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