Applying Poisson Equation for Electrostatic Potential in a Spherical Shell

In summary, the conversation discusses using Poisson equation to find the potential everywhere inside a spherical shell with a uniform charge distribution on the surface and a constant potential on a small patch. The given configuration is encoded in the boundary conditions and it is best to operate in spherical coordinates due to spherical symmetry. The size of the patch compared to the radius of the sphere is important and numerical methods, such as relaxation methods, can be used to solve this problem. The book "Numerical Recipes in C" is recommended for further details.
  • #1
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In many book I read, problems for electrostatic potential always lead to solving Poisson equation. I saw a problem about a spherical shell carrying some amount of charges uniformly on the surface with density [tex]\rho[/tex], and then someone put a small patch on the sphere. The patch is then made a constant potential [tex]V_0[/tex] on it and everywhere else on the shell has zero potential. I would like to find the potential everywhere inside the spherical shell. In this case, how can I apply Poisson equation to do that?
 
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  • #2
The Poisson equation always holds, and the given configuration is encoded in the boundary conditions. To solve a PDE you always have to give the boundary conditions. So in this particular problem, due to the spherical symmetry its best to operate in spherical coordinates, and then describe the given boundary conditions.
 
  • #3
Thaakisfox said:
The Poisson equation always holds, and the given configuration is encoded in the boundary conditions. To solve a PDE you always have to give the boundary conditions. So in this particular problem, due to the spherical symmetry its best to operate in spherical coordinates, and then describe the given boundary conditions.

Do you mean the size of the patch compared to te radius of the sphere is to be known?
If in spherical co"ordinates north pole could be an answer. Would the use of Legendre polynomals work?
 
  • #4
It could be done using numerical methods, for example by relaxation methods. I'm pretty sure the book "Numerical Recipes in C" covers this, if you want to look up the details.
 

1. What is the Poisson equation?

The Poisson equation is a mathematical equation that describes the relationship between a known function and its sources. It is often used in physics and engineering to model the behavior of electric and gravitational fields.

2. How is the Poisson equation used in scientific research?

The Poisson equation is used in a variety of scientific research areas, including electrostatics, fluid dynamics, and heat transfer. It provides a way to mathematically describe the behavior of these physical phenomena and make predictions about their behavior.

3. What are the key components of the Poisson equation?

The Poisson equation has two key components: the Laplace operator, which describes the spatial variation of a function, and the source term, which represents the sources of the function. It is typically written in the form ∇²ϕ = ρ, where ∇² is the Laplace operator, ϕ is the unknown function, and ρ is the source term.

4. How do you solve the Poisson equation?

The Poisson equation can be solved using a variety of methods, including numerical techniques such as finite difference, finite element, and boundary element methods. These methods involve discretizing the equation and solving it iteratively. Analytical solutions are also possible for certain simple cases.

5. What are some practical applications of the Poisson equation?

The Poisson equation has many practical applications, including in the design of electronic devices, the study of fluid flow and heat transfer, and the calculation of gravitational and electric fields. It is also used in image processing and computer graphics to smooth and interpolate data.

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