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Huge mountain chains associated with major evolutionary changes.
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[QUOTE="jim mcnamara, post: 6595848, member: 35824"] [B]TL;DR Summary:[/B] Two huge mountain chains associated with major evolutionary changes: the first between 2,000 and 1,800 million years ago and the second between 650 and 500 mya. The mountain ranges were much larger than the Himalayas. [URL]https://phys.org/news/2022-02-supermountains-evolution-life-earth.html[/URL] Paper: Ziyi Zhu et al, The temporal distribution of Earth's supermountains and their potential link to the rise of atmospheric oxygen and biological evolution, Earth and Planetary Science Letters (2022). DOI: 10.1016/j.epsl.2022.117391 This is an interesting idea. The geochemistry seems solid, but the association with major evolutionary changes is weaker. The thinking behind this is based on: Geographic isolation is a major component of evolution (i.e., speciation) - Th Dobznhansky [URL]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theodosius_Dobzhansky[/URL] Stephen Gould and others brought in the ideas that gave us this model: Peripatric and allopatric involve physical and/or geographic isolation. This paper is using that kind of approach. There are examples of catastrophic global environmental changes that were very fast, sympatric speciation. An extreme example is [URL]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chicxulub_crater[/URL].: subsequent explosion of small mammal species. loss of larger species like dinsaurs Lots of species went extinct very quickly, opening ecological niches that surviving species could exploit and diversify into. On the other hand, time scales for mountain range development are orders of magnitude "slower" than the Chicxulub event. All of this is okay. But it is worth noting that some geological speciation arguments need to be viewed as one answer of many possible. [/QUOTE]
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Huge mountain chains associated with major evolutionary changes.
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