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Other Sciences
Biology and Medical
Human Brain Evolution: 2 Studies Examined
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[QUOTE="pinball1970, post: 6480268, member: 551850"] Two studies on human brain evolution/development. FIRST [I]A new study is the [U]first[/U] to identify how human brains grow much larger, with three times as many neurons, compared with chimpanzee and gorilla brains. The study identified a key molecular switch that can make ape brain organoids grow more like human organoids, and vice versa. Article[/I] [URL]https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/03/210324113502.htm[/URL] Paper [I][URL]https://www.cell.com/cell/fulltext/S0092-8674(21)00239-7?_returnURL=https%3A%2F%2Flinkinghub.elsevier.com%2Fretrieve%2Fpii%2FS0092867421002397%3Fshowall%3Dtrue[/URL] [/I] SECOND [I] The brains of modern humans differ from those of great apes in size, shape, and cortical organization, notably in frontal lobe areas involved in complex cognitive tasks, such as social cognition, tool use, and language. When these differences arose during human evolution is a question of ongoing debate. Here, we show that the brains of early Homo from Africa and Western Asia (Dmanisi) retained a primitive, great ape–like organization of the frontal lobe. By contrast, African Homo younger than 1.5 million years ago, as well as all Southeast Asian Homo erectus, exhibited a more derived, humanlike brain organization. Frontal lobe reorganization, once considered a hallmark of earliest Homo in Africa, thus evolved comparatively late, and long after Homo first dispersed from Africa Paper [URL]https://science.sciencemag.org/content/372/6538/165[/URL][/I] [/QUOTE]
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Human Brain Evolution: 2 Studies Examined
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