Why is the first ionization energy for sodium smaller than the second?

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Pechy
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WHy is the first ionization energy for sodium much smaller than the secon ionization energy for sodium? i don't understand this.
 
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  • #2
Hi there Pechy and welcome to PF,

Why do you think it is? Think about shell configuration and atomic charge.
 
  • #3
Shell configuration ??
Atomic charge total is zero ... the ionized sodium is a positive ION.

THAT is the main reason the second electron is much harder to remove ...
for ANY object, not just a sodium atom/ion.
 

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