What is the solution to this basic integral using substitution?

In summary, the conversation is about integrating the given function \int\frac{3 dx}{\left(2-x\right)^{2}} using substitution. The user takes out the integer, makes a substitution, and is stuck at the point of \int u^{-2} du. Another user suggests applying the formula \int{x^ndx}=\frac{1}{n+1}x^{n+1}+C with n=-2. After some additional explanation, the first user thanks the second for refreshing their memory.
  • #1
efekwulsemmay
54
0

Homework Statement


Intergrate:

[tex]\int\frac{3 dx}{\left(2-x\right)^{2}}[/tex]
By substituion.

Homework Equations



n/a

The Attempt at a Solution



Ok so first I take the integer out to get:

[tex]3\cdot\int\frac{dx}{\left(2-x\right)^{2}}[/tex]

Now I let u = 2 - x and du = dx to get:

[tex]3\cdot\int\frac{du}{u^{2}}[/tex]

Now I take away the fraction:

[tex]3\cdot\int u^{-2} du[/tex]

Now I am stuck at this point. Any help would be apppreciated.
 
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  • #2
This is a basic integral, with this I mean that such integral should be learned by heart.
You have that (if [tex]n\neq -1[/tex] )

[tex]\int{x^ndx}=\frac{1}{n+1}x^{n+1}+C[/tex]

Just apply this formula with n=-2.
 
  • #3
well, pretend that u^-2 is your x.

Do you know how to integrate x^-2?
(u⁻² ⁺¹)/(-2+1) + c is what you get.
don't forget that you still have that whole integral multiplied by 3.

When you're all finished, just substitute your 2-x back in and you've done the integral!:smile:
 
  • #4
micromass said:
This is a basic integral, with this I mean that such integral should be learned by heart.
You have that (if [tex]n\neq -1[/tex] )

[tex]\int{x^ndx}=\frac{1}{n+1}x^{n+1}+C[/tex]

Just apply this formula with n=-2.

I just found a sheet with a few calc problems at my tutoring job and its been months since I did any calc so I decided to brush up a bit and test how much i remembered. Obviously not much all things considered but you've refreshed my memory. Thanks :)
 

1. What is integration by substitution?

Integration by substitution is a method used to evaluate integrals by replacing the variable of integration with another variable. This allows for the integral to be rewritten in a form that is easier to evaluate.

2. How is integration by substitution performed?

To perform integration by substitution, we follow these steps:

  • Identify the inner function, u, and its derivative, du.
  • Substitute u and du into the integral, replacing the original variable of integration.
  • Solve for the new integral in terms of u.
  • Integrate the new integral with respect to u.
  • Substitute back in the original variable of integration to get the final answer.

3. What types of functions are best suited for integration by substitution?

Integration by substitution is most effective for integrals that involve a combination of algebraic and trigonometric functions. It can also be useful for integrals involving exponential and logarithmic functions.

4. What is the purpose of using integration by substitution?

The main purpose of integration by substitution is to simplify complex integrals and make them easier to evaluate. It allows us to convert the integral into a new form that is easier to work with, often resulting in a more straightforward solution.

5. Are there any limitations to integration by substitution?

While integration by substitution is a powerful tool, it does have its limitations. It may not work for all integrals, particularly those that involve transcendental functions. Additionally, choosing the correct substitution can sometimes be challenging and may require trial and error.

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