Samanko said:
J. J. Thomson's experiment, also known as the cathode ray tube experiment, helped to discover the presence of negatively charged particles within the atom, known as electrons. This discovery led to the development of the plum pudding model of the atom, which suggested that electrons were embedded in a positively charged sphere.
The purpose of J. J. Thomson's experiment was to investigate the properties of cathode rays and determine if they were made up of particles or waves. This experiment ultimately led to the discovery of electrons and their role in the structure of the atom.
In the experiment, Thomson used a cathode ray tube, which is a sealed glass tube with a cathode (negatively charged electrode) at one end and an anode (positively charged electrode) at the other end. He passed an electric current through the tube and observed the movement of the cathode rays using a fluorescent screen. He also applied electric and magnetic fields to the tube to see how they affected the rays.
J. J. Thomson's experiment led to two key findings: the discovery of electrons and the determination of their charge-to-mass ratio. Thomson found that the cathode rays were made up of negatively charged particles and that these particles were much smaller than atoms, suggesting that atoms were not indivisible as previously thought.
J. J. Thomson's experiment revolutionized the field of atomic physics by providing evidence for the existence of subatomic particles and challenging the traditional view of the atom as a solid, indivisible sphere. His discovery of electrons also paved the way for further research and advancements in understanding the structure of atoms and their components.