Calculating Acceleration in a Kinetic Friction System

In summary, the 5kg block pulls on the system and starts moving with acceleration a in downward direction. The 9kg block is attached to the table and cannot move in the x direction. The 12kg block is attached to the table and can move in the y direction. The 5kg block has a tension force towards the right and a friction force towards the left. The 9kg block has a weight mg downwards and a normal reaction. The 12kg block has an acceleration of 0 in the y direction.
  • #1
algar32
89
1

Homework Statement




A system comprised blocks, a light frictionless pulley, and connecting ropes is shown in the figure. The 9.0-kg block is on a perfectly smooth horizontal table. The surfaces of the 12-kg block are rough, with muk (kinetic frict constant) = 0.30 between the block and the table. If the 5.0-kg block accelerates downward when it is released, find its acceleration.

Here is the picture:
http://ScrnSht.com/ztexyn

Homework Equations

 
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  • #2
Hey,
Please show how you have approached the problem
 
  • #3
Thanks for the reply. I just didnt add it because it is completely wrong. But here it goes:

(5g*9.8)-(.3*9g*9.812)/(5+9) = 1.6
 
  • #4
The kinetic friction constant is between the blocks or the table?
The question states table is smooth but also provide a 'u' value
 
  • #5
I believe it is between the blocks...
 
  • #6
So your value of frictionak force is wrong.

Remember kinetic frictional force is Nu where N is normal reaction between surfaces on which friction acts.
 
  • #7
would it be:
(5g*9.8)-(.3*9g*9.812 x cos(30))/(5+9) =1.86
Thanks.
 
  • #8
Hey,
Remove g from your equations.

You are righting 9.8 . Right?

Also why have you done cos (30 degrees).

Its not right

Draw FBD of 12kg (and 9kg) blocks.What is normal reaction between them?
 
  • #9
emailanmol said:
Hey,
Remove g from your equations.

You are righting 9.8 . Right?

Also why have you done cos (30 degrees).

Its not right

Draw FBD of 12kg (and 9kg) blocks.What is normal reaction between them?
(12+9)*9.81
or
(12+9)*9.81*sin(30)
really not sure^^
 
  • #10
Where are you getting sin(30) and cos (30)?

There is no way they will emter the equations.

Can you post a description of the logic you are using in calculating Normal reaction?

Just tell me what your free body diagram of 12 kg block looks like.
(Dint worry I will help you thoroughly in case you dint't understand.At this point its imp to identify the flaw in your concept which will help you much more :-) )
 
  • #11
I got this mixed up with another problem that's why I added the cos... Sorry about that.
so would just this be my fnorm?
(12+9)*9.81
or just 9*9.81

http://ScrnSht.com/fbjhob
free body^^
 
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  • #12
Unfirtunately Your FBD is wrong.(Its atleast not bery clear . No problem :-) )

On 12 kg block two forces act in y direction

N upwards (which is applied by 9kg block)and 12g downwards.What is acceleration of 12kg block in t direction?

On 9kg block 3 Forces act in y direction its weight 9g downwards Normal reaction N ( due to 12kg block acting downwards.Newtons third law action reaction pair)
And normal reaction , let's call N2 due to table acting upwards
 
  • #13
emailanmol said:
Unfirtunately Your FBD is wrong.(Its atleast not bery clear . No problem :-) )

On 12 kg block two forces act in y direction

N upwards (which is applied by 9kg block)and 12g downwards.What is acceleration of 12kg block in t direction?

On 9kg block 3 Forces act in y direction its weight 9g downwards Normal reaction N ( due to 12kg block acting downwards.Newtons third law action reaction pair)
And normal reaction , let's call N2 due to table acting upwards

Ok so the 12 kg blocks forces cancel each other out. The 9 kg blocks up and down forces also cancel each other out, but it also has the 12kg block pushing on it. So do I make the friction equal to: 12kg*9.81*x.3 ?

I feel like what i Just wrote is completely wrong ^^ but it is my best attempt to comprehend it :(
 
  • #14
It is right :-)

With a little more practice, all these questions will be childs play.So don't worry :-)

I will just cite the reasons which will help you understand the full problem.

The 5kg block pulls on the the system and starts moving with acceleration a in downward direction.

So 5g-T=5a (where T is tension)


Now look at 12 kg block .It is attached to table with a rope so it can't move in x direction.
Below it lies 5kg block which can move .
However, the friction between 12kg and the 5kg block would attempt to stop any relative motion between 12 kg and 5kg block.

On 5kg block acts tension towards right and friction due to 12 kg block towards left.
This friction acts to eliminate relative motion between 5kg and 12kg block (MARK THESE WORDS CAREFULLY.FRICTION PREVENTS RELATIVE MOTION BETWEEN TWO BODIES AND NOT ABSOLUTE MOTION)
T-f=9a (accelerationof 9kg block is same as 5kg block as they are tied to same string)
In y direction forces acting are its weight mg downwards, N downwards and Normal reaction due to table upwards.
So N(2)=9g+N

On 12kg block forces acting in y are Normal reaction and its weight and its acceleration in y is 0.

So N=12g
Also a tension force acts on it towards left and friction force acts on it towards right(reaction force of friction on 9kg block)
Its acceleration in x-axis is 0 as its tied to the table.

T(2)=f

So using equations which are relevant

5g-T=5a

T-f =9a

(also f<Nu i.e 12gu)

Adding both equations 5g-f=14a

So a=(5g-12ug)/14g.

A good practice is to akways calculate other stuffs like N(2) T(2) and T and see if they are positive.
Cause if they aren't chances are something is wrong.
 
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  • #15
emailanmol said:
It is right :-)

With a little more practice, all these questions will be childs play.So don't worry :-)

thanks so much for your help. You're a life save :)
 
  • #16
algar32 said:
thanks so much for your help. You're a life save :)

actually that is the friction is equal to 12 x 9.81 x .3 =35.3

What is the acceleration of the second block then? I tried solving but my answer isn't 1 1.2 1.8 or 1.4 (those are the choices)
 
  • #17
Now you find the force acting on 5.0kg mass, subtract your friction force from it, and then use that F[itex]_{net}[/itex] to find acceleration.
 
  • #18
Hey, i edited my post on previous page that will help.
 
  • #19
tal444 said:
Now you find the force acting on 5.0kg mass, subtract your friction force from it, and then use that F[itex]_{net}[/itex] to find acceleration.

ok so ffriction is 35.3
the ftension from block 2 is = 5 x 9.81 = 49
49-35.3 = 13 which is not the right answer.
 
  • #20
Hey.tension is not 5g.
 
  • #21
algar32 said:
ok so ffriction is 35.3
the ftension from block 2 is = 5 x 9.81 = 49
49-35.3 = 13 which is not the right answer.

13 is your net force, not your acceleration. [itex]\Sigma[/itex]F = ma. And don't round so soon. 49-35.3 = 13.7, not 13.
 
  • #22
So a=(5g-12ug)/14g.
the answer was 1. This formula gave me .1
close enough I guess :)
 
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  • #23
... [itex]\Sigma[/itex]F = ma. 13.7 = (5+9)a. a = 13.7/14 = .98 [itex]\approx[/itex] 1. I don't see how you're getting 0.1.
 
  • #24
Tal144 refer to my post on previous page.

It comes out to be 0.1m/s^2.

So it can be 1 dm/s^2 :-)

What are the units given?
 
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  • #25
It said the answer was 1 m/s^2

Thanks for your help guys!
 
  • #26
Your welcome :-)
 

1. What is kinetic friction?

Kinetic friction is the force that resists the motion of an object when it is in contact with another surface. It is caused by the microscopic bumps and imperfections on the surfaces that interact with each other.

2. How is kinetic friction different from static friction?

Kinetic friction occurs when two surfaces are already in motion, while static friction occurs when two surfaces are at rest and preventing motion from occurring. Kinetic friction is typically weaker than static friction.

3. How is the magnitude of kinetic friction determined?

The magnitude of kinetic friction is determined by the coefficient of kinetic friction, which is a property of the two surfaces in contact. It also depends on the normal force, which is the force perpendicular to the surface that the object is resting on.

4. How does the angle of incline affect kinetic friction?

The angle of incline can affect the magnitude of kinetic friction. As the angle increases, the force of kinetic friction also increases, making it more difficult for the object to move. This is because the normal force acting on the object also increases with the angle of incline.

5. What factors can affect the coefficient of kinetic friction?

The coefficient of kinetic friction can be affected by the type of materials in contact, the roughness of the surfaces, and the presence of any lubricants. It can also vary with temperature and pressure, as well as the speed of the moving object.

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