The components are just the breakdown of the vector in whatever coordinate system you are using at the time. That could be left/right, forward/backward, up/down. Or (x,y,z). Or lots of other possibilities. (x,y,z) is just a little easier to work with compared to left/right, forward/backward, up/down.
thanks. next one
A ball is kicked with an initial velocity of 10 m/s at an angle of 30 degrees. Neglecting air resistance, what is the speed of the ball at landing?
Answer: 10 m/s, the ball will slow down on the way up and speed back up on the way down, maxing out at the initial velocity