Calculating Power Diminishment of Nuclear Battery and Solar Panel over Time

In summary, the \alpha decay of 238Pu releases 5.49 MeV energy, which is converted into electricity with an efficiency of 6.8% by a radio-thermal generator. The Voyager 2 spacecraft, launched on 20.8.1977, used this nuclear battery and reached Neptune on 24.8.1989. The electrical power output of the battery has decreased by approximately 1/10th since its launch. The power from a solar panel would decrease at least by the amount of energy flux from the sun, following the inverse square law, when moving from 1 AU to 30.1 AU.
  • #1
Fixxxer125
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Homework Statement


The [itex]\alpha[/itex] decay 238Pu →234U + [itex]\alpha[/itex]releases 5.49 MeV energy. By a radio-thermal generator the decay energy is converted into electricity with an efficiency of 6.8%. The Voyager 2 spacecraft used such a nuclear battery. It was launched on 20.8.1977 and reached Neptune at 24.8.1989.
By which fraction was the electrical power diminished since launch?
By which fraction would the power from a solar panel have diminished in the
same period (distance Sun-Neptune = 30.1 AU)?
([itex]\tau[/itex] (238 Pu) = 127.16 years

Homework Equations


A(t)=A(0)exp(-T/[itex]\tau[/itex])

The Attempt at a Solution


I think I can calculate by what fraction of the electrical power the battery has decreased since launch. If the initial activity is A(0) then in 12 years the activity should have decreased by a factor of exp(-T/[itex]\tau[/itex]) so will be 91% of the initial level. Thus the electrical power output will have decreased by around 1/10th. However I am not sure how the power from a solar panel would change over time. Many thanks
 
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  • #2
The energy available from the solar battery is decreased at least by the amount the flux of energy from the sun is decreased by moving from 1 AU to 30.1 AU. Use the inverse square law.
 
  • #3
Thanks I'll give it a go!
 

1. What is nuclear power?

Nuclear power is a type of energy that is produced by splitting atoms in a process called nuclear fission. This process releases a large amount of energy in the form of heat, which is then used to generate electricity.

2. How does nuclear power work?

Nuclear power plants use controlled nuclear reactions to produce heat. This heat is then used to create steam, which turns turbines to generate electricity. The nuclear fuel used in this process is typically uranium, which is a naturally occurring radioactive element.

3. What are the advantages of nuclear power?

Nuclear power has several advantages, including its ability to produce large amounts of energy with relatively low fuel consumption. It also does not emit greenhouse gases, making it a cleaner source of energy compared to fossil fuels. Additionally, nuclear power plants have a long lifespan, making them a reliable source of energy.

4. What are the disadvantages of nuclear power?

One of the main disadvantages of nuclear power is the potential for accidents, although modern safety measures have greatly reduced this risk. Additionally, the disposal of nuclear waste is a major concern, as it remains radioactive for thousands of years. There are also concerns about the potential for nuclear weapons proliferation.

5. What is the future of nuclear power?

The future of nuclear power is still uncertain, as it is a controversial form of energy. Some countries are investing in nuclear power as a way to reduce reliance on fossil fuels, while others are phasing out nuclear power in favor of renewable energy sources. However, advancements in technology and safety measures may lead to a more widespread use of nuclear power in the future.

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