Calculating the Number of Thermal Photons in a Cavity at Equilibrium

In summary, the number of photons in equilibrium at temperature \tau in a cavity of volume V can be shown to be N = 2.404\pi^{-2}V(\tau / \hbar c)^3 by using the equations (1), (2), and (3). However, there may be some difficulty in the process due to the similarity between Z and <s> in equation (2). Any assistance in solving this problem would be greatly appreciated.
  • #1
Ignea_unda
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Homework Statement


Show that the number of photons [tex]\sum_n <s_n>[/tex] in equilibrium at temperature [tex] \tau [/tex] in a cavity of volume V is
[tex] N = 2.404\pi^{-2}V(\tau / \hbar c)^3 [/tex]


Homework Equations


[tex] <s> = \sum_s s P(s) = Z^{-1} \sum s~ exp[-s \hbar \omega/ \tau] ~~~ (1)[/tex]

[tex] <s> = 1/exp[\hbar \omega / \tau] - 1] ~~~ (2)[/tex]

[tex] \omega_n = n \pi c/ L ~~~ (3)[/tex]

The Attempt at a Solution


I have tried to convert omega and take the sum using (3), but haven't had any luck with that. Also I have tried taking the double summation over <s> but have run into a stumbling block with Z being of a similar form of the exact form (2) of <s>.
 
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  • #2
I'm sure I am missing something very simple, but I haven't been able to figure it out. Any help would be appreciated. Thank you.
 

1. What is the definition of "Number of Thermal photons"?

The number of thermal photons is a measure of the amount of electromagnetic radiation emitted by a body at a given temperature. It is a statistical quantity that describes the distribution of photons at a specific temperature.

2. How is the number of thermal photons related to temperature?

The number of thermal photons is directly proportional to the temperature of a body. As the temperature increases, the number of thermal photons also increases. This is described by the Planck's law, which states that the intensity of radiation emitted by a body is directly proportional to the temperature and the number of photons.

3. What is the significance of the number of thermal photons in thermodynamics?

The number of thermal photons is significant in thermodynamics because it is related to the properties of a body, such as its temperature and energy. It is used to calculate the rate of energy transfer by radiation and plays a crucial role in understanding the behavior of objects at different temperatures.

4. How is the number of thermal photons measured?

The number of thermal photons cannot be directly measured, as photons are subatomic particles and cannot be counted individually. Instead, it is calculated using the Planck's law, which relates the number of photons to the energy and frequency of radiation emitted by a body at a given temperature.

5. Can the number of thermal photons be controlled or manipulated?

Yes, the number of thermal photons can be controlled and manipulated by changing the temperature of a body. In addition, it can also be altered by changing the properties of the material, such as its reflectivity and emissivity, which affect the rate of photon emission and absorption. This is important in fields such as thermodynamics and materials science.

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