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Open Questions about Neutrinos Today
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[QUOTE="vanhees71, post: 6435555, member: 260864"] The neutrino oscillation formula often presented looks simple but is quite oversimplified. There's a long record of confusion in the literature about how neutrino oscillations are to be understood and reconciled with energy and momentum conservation. The correct formal answer is, imho, to treat the entire experiment from the production (emission) of the neutrinos at the "near-side detector" to the measurement (absorption) of ht neutrinos at the "far-side detector", using wave packets. In terms of Feynman diagrams the neutrino line is then always and internal line, i.e., a neutrino propagator, and with this all the quibbles are resolved cleanly. See, e.g., [URL]https://arxiv.org/abs/0905.1903[/URL] Qualitatively the quibbles are due to the fact that you can interpret only asymptotic free mass eigenstates as "particles". To say it in an abstract way in QFT an elementary particle is defined as being described by an irreducible representation of the proper orthochronous Poincare group. The trouble with the neutrinos is that you cannot detect mass eigenstates but only flavor eigenstates which are superpositions of mass eigenstates. That's why we never observer neutrinos as particles (mass eigenstates) directly but only scattering events with other particles or by the other decay products of a ##\beta## decay, where it occurs as "missing energy and/or momentum" (which was the original starting point of the neutrino story by Pauli's hypothesis in 1930). [/QUOTE]
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