Understanding Photon Slowdown and Acceleration in Material-Filled Space

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In summary, when photons move from empty space to a space filled with material, they experience a slowdown due to being absorbed and re-emitted. In between these absorptions, they travel at the speed of light. This is a common misconception and the actual mechanism for slowing down light involves interactions with common modes or the induction of polarization in the material, resulting in phase shifts that slow down the light. When the photons move back to empty space, they accelerate back to the speed of light. There is no force exerted on the photon in this process.
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Delta2
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How do photons slowdown when they move from empty space to a space filled with some material, and how do they accelerate again to c when they move out of the material back to void? (i.e like when they pass through a piece of glass with emptyspace on both sides of it). Is there some kind of force exerted to the photon?
 
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The "slowdown" is due to the photon being absorbed and re-emitted. In between absorptions, the photons travel at c.
 
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Matterwave said:
The "slowdown" is due to the photon being absorbed and re-emitted. In between absorptions, the photons travel at c.

This is incorrect, but that misconcepption is so common that these forums already have a FAQ entry on that: https://www.physicsforums.com/showthread.php?t=511177.

The mechanisms for slowing down light are sometimes interactions with common modes as described in the FAQ above. In many materials light induces a polarization in the material which in turn acts on the light field. The consequences are phase shifts which effectively result in slower light.
 

1. What is photon slowdown and acceleration in material-filled space?

Photon slowdown and acceleration in material-filled space refers to the phenomenon in which photons, which are particles of light, travel at different speeds depending on the material they are passing through. This is due to the interaction of photons with the atoms and molecules in the material, which can either slow down or speed up their movement.

2. What causes photon slowdown and acceleration in material-filled space?

The interaction between photons and the atoms and molecules in the material is what causes photon slowdown and acceleration. This can happen through processes such as absorption, emission, and scattering, which all affect the speed of the photons.

3. How does photon slowdown and acceleration affect light propagation?

Photon slowdown and acceleration can significantly affect the propagation of light. In some materials, such as glass or water, the speed of light is slower than in a vacuum, which can cause refraction and bending of light rays. In other materials, such as certain types of crystals, the speed of light can be faster, leading to phenomena such as total internal reflection.

4. Can photon slowdown and acceleration be manipulated?

Yes, photon slowdown and acceleration can be manipulated through the use of different materials and structures. Scientists have been able to create materials with unique properties that can control the speed of light, such as metamaterials. Additionally, by controlling the temperature and pressure of a material, the speed of light passing through it can also be changed.

5. What are the potential applications of understanding photon slowdown and acceleration in material-filled space?

Understanding photon slowdown and acceleration can have a wide range of applications in fields such as optics, telecommunications, and photonics. By manipulating the speed of light, scientists can create new technologies for data storage, signal processing, and imaging. It can also have implications for developing new materials with specific optical properties for various applications.

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