Objects have different charges because of the presence or absence of subatomic particles called electrons. Electrons, which have a negative charge, can be transferred between objects through various processes such as friction or contact. If an object gains electrons, it becomes negatively charged, and if it loses electrons, it becomes positively charged.
The charge on an object determines the strength and direction of the electrical force it experiences when interacting with other charged objects. Objects with opposite charges are attracted to each other, while objects with the same charge repel each other.
An object becomes negatively charged when it gains electrons from another object. This can happen through processes such as friction, where electrons are transferred from one object to another, or through contact with another object that has a different charge.
The charge on an object does not directly affect its physical properties, but it can indirectly affect them through the electrical force it experiences from other charged objects. For example, the charge on an object can affect its ability to attract or repel other objects, which can change its position or motion.
Yes, the charge on an object can change over time. This can happen through processes such as friction, where electrons are transferred between objects, or through exposure to external sources of charge, such as static electricity. Additionally, the charge on an object can change if it is connected to a conductive material that allows electrons to flow in or out of the object.