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Quantum Physics
Planck-Einstein: how does it separate classical from Quantum?
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[QUOTE="vanhees71, post: 5512024, member: 260864"] Planck's and Einstein's (and also Bohr's) "old quantum theory" is dissatisfactory, because it consists of a lot if intrinsically inconsistent ad-hoc assumptions with quite strange (if not esoteric) notions like wave-particle duality. Thus very soon, in 1925/26, modern non-relativistic quantum theory has been discovered already in three equivalent versions (Heisenberg+Born+Jordan+Pauli: "matrix mechanics", Schrödinger ("wave mechanics"), Dirac ("transformation theory")) and brought to a rigorous mathematical form in terms of Hilbert-space theory by von Neumann. In modern quantum theory the classical physics occurs as an emergent phenomenon derivable from quantum theory by appropriate coarse-graining to effectively describe the relevant macroscopic degrees of freedom. [/QUOTE]
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Quantum Physics
Planck-Einstein: how does it separate classical from Quantum?
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