Past presidents have played a significant role in shaping scientific research and policies through their support or lack thereof. For example, President Franklin D. Roosevelt's New Deal programs during the Great Depression provided funding for scientific research that led to significant discoveries in fields such as medicine and agriculture. On the other hand, President George W. Bush's administration faced criticism for their policies on climate change, which were seen as hindering scientific progress.
Some notable presidents known for their contributions to science include Thomas Jefferson, who was a passionate inventor and scientist, and Abraham Lincoln, who established the National Academy of Sciences. Other presidents known for their support of science include Theodore Roosevelt, who created national parks to protect natural resources, and John F. Kennedy, who famously challenged the nation to put a man on the moon.
Recent presidents have taken different approaches to addressing climate change. President Barack Obama made climate change a priority during his administration, implementing policies to reduce carbon emissions and promoting renewable energy. However, President Donald Trump rolled back many of these policies and withdrew the United States from the Paris Climate Agreement. President Joe Biden has made tackling climate change a key part of his agenda, rejoining the Paris Agreement and proposing ambitious plans to reduce carbon emissions.
Presidents make decisions about scientific issues based on a variety of factors, including advice from scientific experts and political considerations. They may also consider public opinion and the potential impact on the economy. Some presidents have established science advisory committees to help inform their decisions, while others have relied on their own personal beliefs and values.
There is no one answer to this question as views on science can vary within political parties. However, in general, the Democratic Party tends to prioritize science and scientific evidence in policymaking, while the Republican Party may be more skeptical or less likely to prioritize scientific research and policies. However, there have been exceptions to these generalizations, and individual politicians within each party may have their own unique views on science.