# Quantum Field Theory - Evaluate matrix spin dependent term in quadratic Dirac equation

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## Main Question or Discussion Point

I derive the quadratic form of Dirac equation as follows
$$\lbrace[i\not \partial-e\not A]^2-m^2\rbrace\psi=\lbrace\left( i\partial-e A\right)^2 + \frac{1}{2i} \sigma^{\mu\nu}F_{\mu \nu}-m^2\rbrace\psi=0$$

And I need to find the form of the spin dependent term to get the final expression

$$g \frac{e}{2} \frac{\sigma^{\mu\nu}}{2}F_{\mu \nu}=-g\frac{e}{2}\left(i\vec{\alpha}\cdot\mathbf{E}+\vec{\Sigma}\cdot\mathbf{B}\right)$$

But I don't get this expression.

I'm using the Dirac representation with these quantities
$$\vec{\alpha}=\begin{pmatrix} 0 & \vec{\sigma}\\ \vec{\sigma} & 0 \end{pmatrix} \ \ \ \ \ \vec{\Sigma}=\begin{pmatrix} \vec{\sigma}& 0\\ 0&\vec{\sigma} \end{pmatrix}$$
Where
$$\vec{\sigma}=(\sigma_x,\sigma_y,\sigma_z)$$
is the Pauli matrix vector.

I constructed the electromagnetic tensor term by term, using the definition
$$F_{\mu\nu}=\partial_{\mu} A_{\nu}-\partial_{\nu} A_{\mu}$$
with the metric tensor
$$g^{\mu\nu}=\textrm{diag}(+1,-1,-1,-1)$$
and I get
$$F_{\mu\nu}=\begin{pmatrix} 0 & E_x&E_y&E_z\\ -E_x&0&B_z & -B_y\\ -E_y&-B_z&0&B_x\\ -E_z&B_y&-B_x&0 \end{pmatrix}$$

I evaluate the $$\sigma^{\mu\nu}$$ matrix starting from its definition in terms of gamma matrices $$\sigma^{\mu\nu}=\frac{i}{2}\left[\gamma^\mu,\gamma^\nu\right]$$

$$\sigma^{00}=\frac{i}{2}[\gamma^0,\gamma^0]=0$$
$$\sigma^{0i}=\frac{i}{2}[\gamma^0,\gamma^i]=[\gamma^0,\gamma^0\alpha_i]=\alpha_i-\gamma^0\alpha_i\gamma^0=-2\alpha_i$$
$$\sigma^{ij}=\frac{i}{2}[\gamma^i,\gamma^j]=[\gamma^0\alpha_i,\gamma^0\alpha_j]=\frac{i}{2}\gamma^0(\alpha_i\gamma^0\alpha_j-\alpha_j\gamma^0\alpha_i)=\frac{i}{2} \begin{pmatrix} -[\sigma_i,\sigma_j] &0\\ 0&-[\sigma_i,\sigma_j] \end{pmatrix}=\epsilon_{ijk}\begin{pmatrix} \sigma_k &0\\ 0&\sigma_k \end{pmatrix}=\epsilon_{ijk}\Sigma_k$$
And the remaining terms follow by the antisymmetry property $$\sigma^{\mu\nu}=-\sigma^{\nu\mu}$$

$$\sigma^{\mu\nu}=\begin{pmatrix} 0 & 2\alpha_x & 2\alpha_y & 2\alpha_z\\ -2\alpha_x&0&\Sigma_z & -\Sigma_y\\ -2\alpha_x&-\Sigma_z&0&\Sigma_x\\ -2\alpha_x&\Sigma_y&-\Sigma_x&0 \end{pmatrix}$$

Now, my questions are:

"Why these calculations do not yield the correct result?"

"What I should do to obtain the correct result? What I'm missing?"

$$\frac{\sigma^{\mu\nu}}{2}F_{\mu \nu}=-\left(i\vec{\alpha}\cdot\mathbf{E}+\vec{\sigma}\cdot\mathbf{B}\right)$$

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