Is the center of mass truly where all forces act in a system?

In summary, when dealing with a system of particles or a body undergoing translatory motion, it is commonly assumed that the vector sum of all external forces act on its center of mass for mathematical simplicity. However, this principle does not hold true in all cases, as seen with torque acting on a rigid body. For a system of particles, if the particles do not change their relative positions, it can be concluded that all external forces act on the center of mass. This can be demonstrated with the example of a coat hanger, where the center of mass is often located in mid air.
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physics user1
As far as I know in a system of particles or a body there is a point that behaves like all the forces on the system are applied at this point, but are these forces really applied in this point? Can you explain please, I thought at this and I arrived at the conclusion that these forces aren't really applied there since in the center of mass of a system there isn't necessarily a particle and a force applied to "nothing" have not sense
 
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For the purpose of mathematical simplicity, it is assumed that, when the body is undergoing translatory motion only, the vector sum of all external forces act on it's center of mass.
However, as you rightly pointed out, it is implausible to take this a general principle.
Take the simplest case of torque acting on a rigid body: Here, the force acts at a given point which makes the body rotate about an axis (it is important that the force act elsewhere and not on the center of mass if the body is under no other force).
In the sense of system of particles, if the particles of the system don't change their position relative to each other it is safe to conclude that all the external force acting on the system is at the center of mass of the system.
 
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A coat hanger is a classic example of a rigid object whose center of mass is usually in mid air.
 

1. What is the center of mass and why is it important?

The center of mass is the point at which an object's mass is evenly distributed in all directions. It is important because it allows us to simplify the analysis of a system and predict its motion.

2. How is the center of mass calculated?

The center of mass can be calculated by finding the weighted average of the individual masses in a system, taking into account their respective distances from a chosen reference point.

3. Can the center of mass be outside of an object?

Yes, the center of mass can be outside of an object if the mass distribution is not symmetric. For example, a crescent moon has its center of mass outside of its physical shape.

4. Does the center of mass always remain stationary?

No, the center of mass can move if there is an external force acting on the system. However, if the forces acting on the system are balanced, the center of mass will remain stationary.

5. Is the center of mass truly where all forces act in a system?

No, the center of mass is not where all forces act in a system. In a system with multiple objects, each object will experience forces at its own individual center of mass. However, the overall motion of the system can be described by the motion of the center of mass.

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