Angular Momentum Conservation: A Student on a Rotating Stool

In summary, the conversation discusses a classic example that demonstrates the conservation of angular momentum. A student on a free rotating stool holds two weights of 3kg each, 1m from the axis of rotation, and rotates with an angular velocity of 0.75rad/s. The moment of inertia of the student and stool is 3kgm2. The student then pulls the weights inwards to a position of 0.3m from the axis of rotation. The conversation raises questions about the student's angular velocity and initial and final kinetic energy. It is clarified that the student, stool, and weights all rotate and have kinetic energy, with the axis of rotation being the vertical axis through the stool and student. The formula for
  • #1
Wen
44
0
i don't really understand question which concerns the classic example that demonstrate the conservation of angular momentum,

a student on a free rotaing stool holds two weight, mass each 3kg, 1m from axis of rotation each, and he rotate with angular v of 0.75rad/s. moment if inertia of student +stool= 3kgm2. The student pulls the 2 weights inwards to a position of o.3m from the axis of rotation.
1)what's the student's angular velocity
2)what's his initial and final EK

This question is simple as we just apply the prin. of conservation of angu. momen. Iw initial=Iw final

however, i could not visualise the situation. Where is the axis of rotation? If merely the masses were rotating initially, how could the student possesses any EK?
 
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  • #2
well, the student, stool and 2 masses all rotate ofcourse, not merely the masses.
The axis of rotation is the same axis as the rotation axis of the stool.

I am kinda surprised this student has arms 1 m in length.
 
  • #3
If merely the masses were rotating initially, how could the student possesses any EK?
The student's rotation posesses some kinetic energy. The formula is very similar to that for linear motion.

Linear motion: [tex]KE=\frac{1}{2}mv^2[/tex]

Rotational motion: [tex]KE=\frac{1}{2}I\omega^2[/tex]

An object's mass is its linear inertia. For rotational motion, inertia depends on the distance the mass is from the rotational axis, as well.

Angular velocity (in radians/sec) the rotational equivalent of linear velocity.
 
  • #4
The axis of rotation is the vertical axis through the stool and student.

Since you say " he rotateswith angular v of 0.75rad/s" how can you then assert that "merely the masses were rotating initially"?
 

What is angular momentum conservation?

Angular momentum conservation is a physical law that states that the total angular momentum of a system remains constant, unless acted upon by an external torque. This means that the rotational motion of a system will not change unless an external force is applied.

How does angular momentum conservation apply to a student on a rotating stool?

In the case of a student on a rotating stool, the student and the stool make up the system. As the student spins the stool, their angular momentum is conserved due to the absence of any external forces acting on the system. This means that the student's rotational speed will remain constant unless they apply an external torque, such as pushing their feet against the ground.

What factors affect angular momentum conservation in this scenario?

The main factor that affects angular momentum conservation in this scenario is the moment of inertia, which is a measure of how difficult it is to change the rotational motion of an object. The moment of inertia of the student and the stool will determine how fast the system will rotate and how much force is needed to change its rotational motion.

How does changing the moment of inertia affect angular momentum conservation?

If the moment of inertia is increased, the rotational speed of the system will decrease, as more force is needed to change its rotational motion. Similarly, if the moment of inertia is decreased, the rotational speed will increase. However, regardless of the moment of inertia, the total angular momentum will remain constant, in accordance with the law of conservation of angular momentum.

Are there any real-life applications of angular momentum conservation?

Yes, angular momentum conservation has many real-life applications, such as in the design of vehicles and machines, where engineers need to consider the moment of inertia to ensure the stability and efficiency of the system. It also plays a crucial role in the motion of celestial bodies, such as planets and satellites, as they orbit around a central point while maintaining a constant angular momentum.

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