Relative motion in 1D refers to the movement of an object in relation to a reference point or frame of reference. It is the change in position of an object with respect to another object or observer.
Relative motion takes into account the perspective of an observer, whereas absolute motion is independent of any observer or reference point. In other words, relative motion is the movement of an object as seen by a particular observer, while absolute motion is the actual movement of an object in space.
The formula for relative motion in 1D is: Δx = xf - xi, where Δx is the change in position, xf is the final position, and xi is the initial position.
Yes, relative motion can be negative. This occurs when an object is moving in the opposite direction of the reference point or observer. In this case, the change in position (Δx) will have a negative value.
Velocity and acceleration affect relative motion by determining the speed and direction of an object's movement in relation to a reference point. An object with a higher velocity will have a greater change in position (Δx) over a certain time period, while an object with a non-zero acceleration will be changing its velocity (and therefore its relative motion) over time.