Relatively open, closed, disconnection

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In summary: Therefore, A is both relatively open and relatively closed in S and (A, S-A) is a disconnection of S.
  • #1
redyelloworange
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The problem has 2 parts. For the first part, I've got a solution that I'd like to confirm. I'm stuck on the second part.

Homework Statement



PART 1
Show that if (A,B) is a disconnection of S, then A and B are both relatively open and relatively closed in S.

PART 2
Show that if A is a proper subset of S and A is both relatively open and relatively closed, then (A, A-S) is a disconnection of S.

In essence, show that A ∩ closure(S-A) = Ø and closure(A) ∩ S-A = Ø
and that A, A-S ≠ Ø

Homework Equations



Relatively open: A is relatively open in S if there exists an open set U in R^n s.t.
U ∩ Rn = A

(A,B) disconnection implies A ∩ closure(B) = Ø and closure(A) ∩ B = Ø

The Attempt at a Solution



PART 1
1) Show that A is relatively open in S:
closure(B) is closed, so closure(B)c is open.
Choose U = closure(B)c
Show this set intersected with S equals A.
Well, S = A U B and closure(B) ∩ A = Ø
Thus all the points that are not in closure(B) are in A, so closure(B)c = A
And S ∩ U = S ∩ closure(B)c = S ∩ A = A
Thus, A is relatively open in B.
2) by the same procedure, show that B is relatively open in S
3) A, B are both relatively open in S. But A ∩ closure(B) = Ø so if A is relatively open, B is relatively closed. And since closure(A) ∩ B = Ø A is relatively closed. Therefore A and B are both relatively open and relatively closed in S.

PART 2

A ≠ S and A ≠ Ø, so S-A ≠ S and S-A ≠ Ø
We know A U S- A = S.

A is relatively open in S.
This implies that there exists some open set U in Rn s.t. S ∩ U = A

Let this set U be closure(S-A)c. We know this is open because closure(S-A) is closed by definition.

We want to show that U = A. We see this because

I'm not sure how to bring up the intersection of the closure of A with S-A.
That's everything for now. Thanks for your help! =)
 
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  • #2
PART 21) Since A is relatively open, then there exists an open set U in R^n s.t. U ∩ S = A. Let this set be closure(S-A)c. We know this is open because closure(S-A) is closed by definition.2) We want to show that U = A. We see this because S = A U (S-A)and closure(S-A)c ∩ S = A3) So, A ∩ closure(S-A) = Ø and closure(A) ∩ S-A = Ø. This implies that (A, S-A) is a disconnection of S. 4) Furthermore, A, S-A ≠ Ø because A is a proper subset of S and S-A = S - A ≠ Ø. Thus, (A, S-A) is a disconnection of S.
 

1. What is the difference between a relatively open and closed system?

A relatively open system allows for the exchange of matter and energy with its surroundings, while a relatively closed system does not. This means that a closed system is more isolated and self-contained, while an open system is influenced by external factors.

2. How does disconnection affect a system?

Disconnection refers to the isolation or separation of a system from its surroundings. This can have various effects on a system, such as limiting its access to resources or altering its equilibrium. In some cases, disconnection can lead to the breakdown of a system.

3. Can a system be both relatively open and closed?

Yes, a system can have elements of both relatively open and closed characteristics. For example, a greenhouse is relatively closed in terms of its structure, but relatively open in terms of allowing sunlight and air to enter.

4. How does the concept of equilibrium relate to open and closed systems?

Equilibrium refers to a state of balance between the inputs and outputs of a system. In a relatively closed system, equilibrium is often reached quickly and maintained, while in a relatively open system, equilibrium may constantly fluctuate due to the exchange of matter and energy with the surroundings.

5. What are some examples of relatively open and closed systems in the natural world?

A relatively open system in nature could be a river, as it allows for the flow of water and nutrients from its surroundings. A relatively closed system could be a cave, as it is isolated from external influences and has its own unique ecosystem.

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