Relativity & Dipole Radiation: Reconciling Perspectives

In summary, when considering a dipole antenna radiating at its resonant frequency F, an observer approaching the antenna at 0.6c will perceive a frequency of 2F due to the relativistic Doppler shift. However, the axis of the dipole will not be Lorentz contracted, allowing the moving observer to measure the unchanged antenna length and deduce that the radiation frequency should still be F. This raises the question of how these two perspectives can be reconciled, as the moving observer would perceive a non-resonant dipole antenna and therefore a distorted antenna pattern. This is in contrast to the stationary observer who would see an ideal dipole pattern. The equations for this scenario suggest a distortion of the resonant dip
  • #1
Frank Peters
28
2
Consider a dipole antenna that is radiating at it's resonant frequency F.

Consider an observer approaching this dipole antenna, in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the dipole, at velocity 0.6c.

According to the relativistic doppler shift, the frequency perceived by the moving observer will be 2F.

However, since the axis of the dipole is perpendicular to the motion it will not be Lorentz contracted. The moving observer will be able to measure (in principle) the unchanged antenna length and thereby deduce that the radiation frequency should be F.

How are these two perspectives reconciled? Does the moving observer conclude that the antenna is not resonant? If so, the antenna pattern in the rest frame would be that of an ideal dipole but in the moving frame the antenna pattern would be different.

All the equations I have seen that deal with this topic indicate that a distortion of the ideal resonant dipole pattern occurs in the moving frame. But since the moving frame will perceive a non-resonant dipole antenna, a distortion of the resonant pattern would not seem likely.
 
Physics news on Phys.org
  • #2
In one case you have a stationary antenna and the radiation is purely electric dipole. In the other you have a moving antenna and the radiation is a mix of electric and magnetic dipoles.
 
  • #3
Frank Peters said:
If so, the antenna pattern in the rest frame would be that of an ideal dipole but in the moving frame the antenna pattern would be different.
This is what I would expect. After all, even monopole fields lose their spherical symmetry when boosted.
 

1. What is the theory of relativity?

The theory of relativity, developed by Albert Einstein, is a fundamental theory in physics that explains the relationship between space and time. It consists of two main theories: special relativity and general relativity.

2. How does special relativity relate to dipole radiation?

Special relativity states that the laws of physics are the same for all observers in uniform motion. This means that the principles of dipole radiation, which describes the emission of electromagnetic radiation from a dipole antenna, are also valid for all observers.

3. What is the significance of dipole radiation in the theory of relativity?

Dipole radiation is significant in the theory of relativity because it demonstrates the idea of reconciling perspectives. In this case, it shows how the principles of dipole radiation can be applied to different inertial reference frames, as predicted by special relativity.

4. How does general relativity explain dipole radiation?

General relativity, which describes the effects of gravity on the curvature of spacetime, also plays a role in understanding dipole radiation. It explains how the motion of a dipole antenna in a gravitational field can affect the emission of electromagnetic radiation.

5. What are the practical applications of understanding relativity and dipole radiation?

Understanding relativity and dipole radiation has many practical applications, such as in the fields of telecommunications, remote sensing, and astrophysics. It also provides a deeper understanding of the fundamental laws of the universe and helps to guide technological advancements.

Similar threads

Replies
3
Views
430
  • Special and General Relativity
Replies
4
Views
135
  • Special and General Relativity
Replies
25
Views
398
  • Introductory Physics Homework Help
Replies
1
Views
347
  • Special and General Relativity
Replies
21
Views
605
  • Introductory Physics Homework Help
Replies
25
Views
273
  • Special and General Relativity
Replies
7
Views
848
  • Special and General Relativity
Replies
24
Views
2K
  • Special and General Relativity
Replies
21
Views
1K
  • Special and General Relativity
Replies
2
Views
838
Back
Top