Understanding Resistance and Temperature Effects in Metal Wires

In summary, the Drude model is commonly used to explain resistance and conductivity in a wire. This model states that conductive electrons travel between positive charges in the metal, and as the temperature increases, the positive charges vibrate more, making it harder for electrons to pass through and resulting in increased resistance. If more explanation is needed, there are equations and additional details available.
  • #1
GumzyG
6
0
Hi, can someone please explain to me what resistants is affected by in a wire and also what temperature has to do with it? :confused:

Thanks in advanced
 
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  • #2
The model that is most often used to explain resistance and conductivity is called the Drude model. It's the best theory available that is totally free from quantum mechanics.

The most elementary explanation of conductivity according to the Drude model is that -charged point particles (conductive electrons) travel between +charges that make up the metal. The hotter the metal, the more the +charges take up space, because they vibrate more. Electrons thus have a harder time getting through between them -> resistance increases.

If you need more explanation, say the word, there are plenty of equations and precisions that go along with this.
 
  • #3
Thanks alot, you have helped me enough!
 

1. What is resistance in a metal wire?

Resistance is a measure of the hindrance or opposition to the flow of electric current through a metal wire. It is caused by collisions between the electrons and the atoms in the wire.

2. How is resistance determined in a metal wire?

The resistance of a metal wire is determined by its length, cross-sectional area, and the material it is made of. Longer wires and wires with smaller cross-sectional areas have higher resistance, while wires made of materials with lower conductivity have higher resistance.

3. How does temperature affect resistance in a metal wire?

As the temperature of a metal wire increases, the atoms in the wire vibrate more and increase the number of collisions with the electrons, resulting in higher resistance. This is known as the positive temperature coefficient of resistance.

4. What is the formula for calculating resistance in a metal wire?

The formula for calculating resistance in a metal wire is R = ρL/A, where R is resistance in ohms (Ω), ρ is the resistivity of the material in ohm-meters (Ω•m), L is the length of the wire in meters (m), and A is the cross-sectional area of the wire in square meters (m²).

5. How can the resistance of a metal wire be reduced?

The resistance of a metal wire can be reduced by using a shorter wire, increasing its cross-sectional area, or using a material with higher conductivity. Keeping the wire at a lower temperature can also help reduce resistance.

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