Resonance in string instruments

In summary, resonance can occur at multiple frequencies for the same given instrument, such as a violin. Each note on the same string can resonate at a different frequency, and resonance plays a part in the sound-box of the instrument. The body of the instrument is not actually resonating, but is in forced vibration, which can be influenced by its shape. This can enhance or dampen certain frequencies, resulting in a unique sound.
  • #1
Fiona Rozario
55
1
Can resonance occur at multiple frequencies for the same given instrument? For example, in a violin, each note on a given string (say A) resonates and is the loudest only at a specific point on the string. Since each note on the same string can resonate, and each note has a different frequency, does that mean that resonance is occurring at many different frequencies ? If not, shouldn't just one note be loud and clear on the instrument...?

Basically, I understand that resonance has a role to play in how stringed instruments work, I just can't understand how.
 
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  • #2
It's not usually an effect best thought of in terms of resonance.

A string fixed at both ends has a fundamental frequency and a series of harmonics.
Playing different notes on a may involve selecting some harmonics and suppressing others but usually you just change the length of the string by where you press: changing the fundamental.

If you bow a particular place I suppose you can dampen any harmonic that does not have a node there.

Resonance plays a part in the sound-box of a string instrument - the box has frequencies that it prefers to vibrate at, and those frequencies of the strings get amplified.

For more details see:
http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/music/musinscon.html
 
  • #3
Certainly. Type "violin modes" into google and see what you get. The complex shape of the violin affects the sound that comes out.
 
  • #4
As was mentioned above, the body of the instrument is not really resonating, but is in forced vibration by contact with the string through the bridge. That is why the instrument is made as free to vibrate as possible, so it can respond to the frequencies imparted to it. What frequencies the instrument body favors will "flavor" the sound, enhancing some harmonics, not so much others. One topic you may want to look at is "wolf tones" of a cello. They are frequencies favored by the cello body (natural frequencies) to the point that they need to be dampened.
 
  • #5
Thank you, everyone...:)
 

1. What is resonance in string instruments?

Resonance in string instruments is the phenomenon where a vibrating string produces a sound with a distinct pitch. This is caused by the natural frequency of the string, which is determined by its length, tension, and mass.

2. How does resonance affect the sound of a string instrument?

Resonance greatly affects the sound of a string instrument, as it is responsible for producing the distinct pitch and quality of the sound. The resonance of a string can also be altered by changing the length, tension, or mass of the string, resulting in different pitches and timbres.

3. Why do string instruments have different resonance frequencies?

The resonance frequency of a string is determined by its physical characteristics, such as length, tension, and mass. Since these factors can vary between different string instruments, each instrument will have a different resonance frequency. Additionally, the material and construction of the instrument can also affect its resonance frequency.

4. How can resonance be manipulated in string instruments?

Resonance in string instruments can be manipulated by changing the length, tension, or mass of the strings. This can be done by adjusting tuning pegs, using different types of strings, or using techniques such as bending or plucking the strings. The resonance can also be affected by the material and construction of the instrument.

5. Why is resonance important in string instrument design?

Resonance is a crucial factor in string instrument design, as it is responsible for producing the sound of the instrument. A well-designed instrument will have a balanced resonance across all strings, resulting in a harmonious and rich sound. The resonance can also affect the playability and responsiveness of the instrument, making it an important consideration for musicians and instrument makers.

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