# Rigorous proof

1. May 11, 2009

### poutsos.A

Give a rigorous proof using the appropriate axioms and the definition ,$$\frac{a}{b}=a\frac{1}{b}$$ of the following:

$$\frac{a}{b}*\frac{c}{d}=\frac{ac}{bd}$$

$$\frac{a}{b}:\frac{c}{d} =\frac{ad}{bc}$$

2. May 11, 2009

### quasar987

According to the forum guidelines, you have to show what you've tried and explain what you don't understand before receiving help.

3. May 11, 2009

### poutsos.A

$$\frac{a}{b}*\frac{c}{d}= a\frac{1}{b}*c\frac{1}{d}=ac*\frac{1}{bd}=\frac{ac}{bd}$$

That is how far i can go.But then this is not a rigorous proof, is there??

4. May 11, 2009

### slider142

You have not stated which axioms/theorems you used in the second equality.

5. May 11, 2009

### poutsos.A

commutativity and associativity

6. May 11, 2009

### slider142

Right. How did you prove the equality:(1/b)(1/d) = 1/(bd) ?

7. May 12, 2009

### quasar987

The whole point of these exercices is to justify each of your steps with the proper axioms. As Slider142 said, now all thats remains to be justified is (1/b)(1/d) = 1/(bd).

But you should use more parenthesis, to highlight the use of associativity. That is, instead of

$$\frac{a}{b}*\frac{c}{d}= a\frac{1}{b}*c\frac{1}{d}=ac*\frac{1}{bd}=\frac{ac }{bd}$$

better is

$$\left(\frac{a}{b}\right)\left(\frac{c}{d}\right)=\left(a\frac{1}{b}\right)\left(c\frac{1}{d}\right)=\left(\left(a\frac{1}{b}\right)c\right)\frac{1}{d}=\left(a\left(\frac{1}{b}c\right)\right)\frac{1}{d}=\left(a\left(c\frac{1}{b}\right)\right)\frac{1}{d}=\left(\left(ac\right)\frac{1}{b}\right)\frac{1}{d}=(ac)\left(\frac{1}{b}\frac{1}{d}\right)=(ac)\left\frac{1}{bd}=\frac{ac}{bd}$$

and the justifications are: by definition, by associativity, by associativity, by commutativity, by associativity, by associativity, by <insert justification why (1/b)(1/d) = 1/(bd)>, by definition.

Last edited: May 12, 2009
8. May 13, 2009

### poutsos.A

The only proof i can thing of ,is the following:

$$\frac{1}{b}\frac{1}{d} = \frac{1}{bd}\Longleftrightarrow (bd)\frac{1}{b}\frac{1}{d} = (bd)\frac{1}{bd}\Longleftrightarrow d(b\frac{1}{b})\frac{1}{d} = 1\Longleftrightarrow d\frac{1}{d} = 1$$.

But then again this is not a rigorous proof ,is there??

9. May 13, 2009

### slider142

That's a perfectly rigorous proof, assuming your definition of 1/(bd) is as the multiplicative inverse of bd. This completes the rigor of your proof.

10. May 18, 2009

### evagelos

Could the following proof of :

$$\frac{\frac{a}{b}}{\frac{c}{d}} = \frac{a}{b}.\frac{d}{c}$$, be consider as a rigorous proof??

$$\frac{\frac{a}{b}}{\frac{c}{d}} = \frac{a}{b}.\frac{1}{\frac{c}{d}}$$ =......................................................by definition of division x/y = x.(1/y) where we put x = a/b and y= c/d

= $$\frac{a}{b}.\frac{1}{c.\frac{1}{d}}$$ =........................................................by the definition of the division again where we put x=c and y= d

= $$\frac{a}{b}\frac{1}{c}.\frac{1}{\frac{1}{d}}$$ =..........................................................by the use of the theorem (1/x).(1/y) = 1/xy where we put x=c and y= 1/d

= $$\frac{a}{b}.\frac{1}{c}.(1.\frac{1}{\frac{1}{d}})$$ =.........................................................by the use of the axiom 1.x = x where we put $$x=\frac{1}{\frac{1}{d}}$$

= $$\frac{a}{b}.\frac{1}{c}.[(d.\frac{1}{d}).\frac{1}{\frac{1}{d}}]$$ =......................................................by the fact x.(1/x) = 1 where we put x=d

= $$\frac{a}{b}.\frac{1}{c}.[d.(\frac{1}{d}.\frac{1}{\frac{1}{d}})]$$ = ....................................................by the associative law

=$$\frac{a}{b}.\frac{1}{c}.(d.1)$$ = .........................................................................again by the fact x.(1/x) = 1 where we put x= 1/d

= $$\frac{a}{b}\frac{1}{c}.d$$ = .........................................................................again by the axiom 1.x =x

= $$\frac{a}{b}\frac{c}{d}$$ = .............................................................................again by the use of the definition x/y = x.(1/y) where we put x=d and y = c