Solving a System of Coupled DEs: Eigenvalues & Trajectories

In summary, the conversation discusses expressing a second order differential equation as a system of coupled first order differential equations, finding the eigenvalues and nature of the critical point at the origin, and finding the general solution and sketching trajectories in the phase plane. The attempt at a solution involves using substitution and the characteristic equation to find the eigenvalues, and then using the eigenvalues to find the general solution. The conclusion is that the nature of the critical point at the origin is a saddle point.
  • #1
Rubik
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Homework Statement



Express y'' + 5y' - 24y = 0 as a system of couple first order DEs, find the eigenvalues of the system and the nature of the critical point at the origin. As well as find the general solution to the system of coupled equations and sketch some trajectories in the phase plane.

Homework Equations





The Attempt at a Solution


I have no idea really where to start so this could be completely wrong..

Using y1 = y and y2 = y''
and (A-lambda I)x = 0

0 = [itex]\lambda[/itex]2 + 5[itex]\lambda[/itex] - 24
0 = ([itex]\lambda[/itex]+8)([itex]\lambda[/itex]-3)
[itex]\lambda[/itex]1 = -8, [itex]\lambda2[/itex] = 3

From [itex]\lambda[/itex]1 = -8;
x(1) = [1; -8] (vector)

And from [itex]\lambda[/itex]2 = 3;
x(2) = [1; 3]

So my general solution is y(t) = [itex]\alpha[/itex]x(1)e-8t + [itex]\beta[/itex]x(2)e3t

And from there I am stuck and not even sure if that is on the right path, let alone how to determine the nature of the critical point at the origin.. any ideas?
 
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  • #2


Then using those results because I have two real eigenvalues of opposite signs does this mean with the nature of the critical point at the origin it is in fact a saddle point?
 

What is a system of coupled differential equations?

A system of coupled differential equations is a set of equations that are connected and depend on each other. This means that the solution for one equation affects the solutions for the other equations, and they must be solved together.

What are eigenvalues in a system of coupled differential equations?

Eigenvalues in a system of coupled differential equations are the special values that when multiplied by a vector, result in the same vector with a scalar multiple. They represent the rate at which the system will change over time.

How do eigenvalues affect the solutions of a system of coupled differential equations?

Eigenvalues affect the solutions of a system of coupled differential equations by determining the stability of the system. A system with all positive eigenvalues will have a stable solution, while a system with any negative eigenvalues will have an unstable solution.

What is the significance of trajectories in a system of coupled differential equations?

Trajectories in a system of coupled differential equations represent the path or behavior of the system over time. They are determined by the initial conditions and the eigenvalues of the system.

What are some methods for solving a system of coupled differential equations?

There are several methods for solving a system of coupled differential equations, including the matrix method, the substitution method, and the elimination method. These methods involve manipulating the equations to isolate and solve for the variables.

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