Sequential Compactness in Metric Spaces: Proving Compactness of Product Metric

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In summary, the statement shows that if (X,d_X) and (Y,d_Y) are sequentially compact metric spaces, then their product (X\times Y, d_{X\times Y}) is also sequentially compact where d_{X\times Y} is the product metric. This is demonstrated by showing that if (x_n)_{n\in\mathbb{N}} and (y_n)_{n\in\mathbb{N}} are sequences in X and Y respectively, then their product (x_n,y_n)_{n\in\mathbb{N}} is also sequentially compact. Additionally, it is shown that (x_{n_k},y_{n_k}) \to (x,y) in
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Ted123
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Homework Statement



Suppose [itex](X,d_X)[/itex] and [itex](Y,d_Y)[/itex] are sequentially compact metric spaces. Show that [itex](X\times Y, d_{X\times Y})[/itex] is sequentially compact where [tex]d_{X\times Y} ((x_1,y_1),(x_2,y_2)) = d_X(x_1,x_2) + d_Y(y_1,y_2)[/tex] is the product metric.

The Attempt at a Solution



Suppose [itex](x_n)_{n\in\mathbb{N}}[/itex] is a sequence in [itex]X[/itex] and [itex](y_n)_{n\in\mathbb{N}}[/itex] is a sequence in [itex]Y[/itex].

Then since [itex]X,Y[/itex] are sequentially compact [itex](x_n)_{n\in\mathbb{N}}[/itex] and [itex](y_n)_{n\in\mathbb{N}}[/itex] have convergent subsequences, say [itex]x_{n_k} \to x\in X[/itex] and [itex]y_{n_k} \to y\in Y[/itex] as [itex]k\to\infty[/itex].

It follows that if [itex](x_n,y_n)_{n\in\mathbb{N}}[/itex] is a sequence in [itex]X\times Y[/itex] with subsequence [itex](x_{n_k},y_{n_k})_{k\in\mathbb{N}}[/itex] then [itex](x_{n_k},y_{n_k}) \to (x,y)\in X\times Y[/itex] as [itex]k\to\infty[/itex].

Is this OK so far? Do I now need to show that [itex](x_{n_k},y_{n_k}) \to (x,y)[/itex] in the metric [itex]d_{X\times Y}[/itex] ?

In which case:

[itex]d_{X\times Y}((x_{n_k} , y_{n_k}),(x,y)) = d_X(x_{n_k} , x) + d_Y(y_{n_k},y) \to 0+0=0[/itex]

so [itex](x_{n_k},y_{n_k}) \to (x,y)[/itex] in the metric [itex]d_{X\times Y}[/itex].
 
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Looks ok!
 

1. What is sequential compactness?

Sequential compactness is a property of topological spaces, which is a mathematical concept used to describe the properties of sets, points, and neighborhoods. A topological space is said to be sequentially compact if every sequence of points in the space has a convergent subsequence that converges to a point in the space.

2. How is sequential compactness different from compactness?

Sequential compactness is a weaker form of compactness. While compactness requires that every open cover of a space has a finite subcover, sequential compactness only requires that every sequence in the space has a convergent subsequence. This means that a space can be sequentially compact without being compact.

3. What are some examples of sequentially compact spaces?

Some examples of sequentially compact spaces include closed intervals in the real line, finite discrete spaces, and the Cantor set. These spaces have the property that every sequence of points in the space has a convergent subsequence.

4. How is sequential compactness used in analysis?

Sequential compactness is an important tool in analysis, particularly in the study of limits of sequences and continuity of functions. In particular, a set in a metric space is compact if and only if it is sequentially compact. This means that sequential compactness can be used to prove the existence of limits and continuity of functions on compact sets.

5. Can a non-compact set be sequentially compact?

Yes, a non-compact set can be sequentially compact. For example, the open interval (0,1) in the real line is not compact, but it is sequentially compact. This is because every sequence in (0,1) has a convergent subsequence that converges to a point in (0,1).

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