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koolraj
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why are the orbits elliptical in shape?i know that force equations give differential equations whose solutions imply that the orbits elliptical in shape.but what is the particular physical reason behind it?
koolraj said:why are the orbits elliptical in shape?i know that force equations give differential equations whose solutions imply that the orbits elliptical in shape.but what is the particular physical reason behind it?
The shape of an orbit is determined by the balance between centripetal force and the gravitational force of the central body. In a perfect circular orbit, these two forces are equal. However, in an elliptical orbit, the gravitational force is stronger at certain points in the orbit, causing it to take on an elliptical shape.
The distance between a planet and its star plays a crucial role in determining the shape of its orbit. The closer a planet is to its star, the stronger the gravitational force, resulting in a more circular orbit. On the other hand, a planet that is farther away from its star will experience a weaker gravitational force, causing it to orbit in a more elongated, elliptical shape.
Yes, orbits can change from circular to elliptical or vice versa. This can happen due to various factors, such as the gravitational pull of other planets or stars, external forces like solar wind, or even collisions with other objects. These external influences can alter the balance between centripetal and gravitational forces, causing the orbit to change shape.
No, not all orbits in the solar system are elliptical. While most planets and satellites have elliptical orbits, some have nearly circular orbits, such as Earth and Venus. Additionally, some small bodies, like comets, have highly elliptical orbits that can take them far away from the sun before returning on a long elliptical path.
The shape of an orbit does not affect the speed of a planet directly. According to Kepler's laws of planetary motion, a planet's orbital speed is determined by its distance from the central body. However, in an elliptical orbit, the planet's speed will vary throughout its orbit. It will be moving faster when closer to the central body and slower when farther away, maintaining a constant average speed over time.