Significant Figures: How to Properly Round Numbers

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In summary, the conversation is about significant figures and how to round off numbers correctly. The example used is adding a list of numbers and rounding the answer to the correct number of significant figures. The disagreement is whether the answer should be rounded to 167.9 or 167.8. The link provided explains the rule for rounding and clarifies that the answer should be rounded up to 167.9. The person asking the question thanks the expert for clearing up the confusion.
  • #1
qwsdcnjkio
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I was reading the Intro to Physics PDF file on this forum about significant figures/digits.

Basically the example used is this; add these numbers up and round off to the correct significant figures/digits:

37.26972+25.43+0.837+101.22+3.1=167.85672=167.9(1 decimal place)

I understand why the answer must be given to 1 decimal place, however, according another web site, http://www.chem.sc.edu/faculty/morgan/resources/sigfigs/sigfigs6.html,
167.85672 should be rounded down to 167.8 (1 d.p.).

Does anyone know who if anyone is correct?
 
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  • #2
qwsdcnjkio said:
I understand why the answer must be given to 1 decimal place, however, according another web site, http://www.chem.sc.edu/faculty/morgan/resources/sigfigs/sigfigs6.html,
167.85672 should be rounded down to 167.8 (1 d.p.).

Does anyone know who if anyone is correct?
You must be misreading that link. It clearly says:
(3) If the digit to be dropped is 5, and if any digit following it is not zero, the last remaining digit is increased by one. For example,

12.51 is rounded to 13.​
In the example you gave (167.85672 rounded to 1 decimal), the digit you are dropping is 5 and fits this rule, so the last remaining digit (8) must be rounded up to 9.
 
  • #3
i see now, don't think i read (3) properly as you said, thanks for lcearing that up :biggrin:
 

What are significant figures/digits?

Significant figures/digits are the digits in a number that are considered to be reliable and accurate. They represent the precision of a measurement or calculation.

Why are significant figures/digits important?

Significant figures/digits are important because they help to indicate the level of accuracy and precision in a measurement or calculation. They also ensure consistency and proper communication of data in scientific experiments and calculations.

How do you determine the number of significant figures/digits in a number?

The general rule for determining the number of significant figures/digits in a number is to count all non-zero digits and any zeros between non-zero digits. Trailing zeros after a decimal point are also significant. Leading zeros and placeholder zeros are not significant.

What are the rules for performing calculations with significant figures/digits?

The rules for performing calculations with significant figures/digits are as follows:
- Addition and subtraction: The answer should have the same number of decimal places as the number with the fewest decimal places.
- Multiplication and division: The answer should have the same number of significant figures as the number with the fewest significant figures.
- Rounding: The final answer should be rounded to the same number of significant figures as the number with the fewest significant figures in the calculation.

Can significant figures/digits be used in non-numerical data?

No, significant figures/digits are only applicable to numerical data. They cannot be used for non-numerical data such as names, dates, or labels.

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