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Dissolve a chloride into a water, add excess nitric acid, then pour silver nitrate solution. A white precipitate is formed. What's it ?
A white precipitate is a solid substance that forms when two or more solutions are mixed together and a chemical reaction occurs. It appears as a cloudy or milky white substance in the solution.
The formation of a white precipitate with Cl-, HNO3, and AgNO3 is caused by a chemical reaction between silver nitrate (AgNO3) and hydrochloric acid (HCl). The silver ions (Ag+) in the silver nitrate solution react with the chloride ions (Cl-) in the hydrochloric acid solution to form silver chloride (AgCl), which is insoluble in water and precipitates out of solution.
Nitric acid (HNO3) is added in the reaction to provide an acidic environment and to prevent the silver chloride from dissolving. The nitric acid reacts with any excess hydrochloric acid present to form a salt, which helps to keep the pH of the solution low and promote the formation of the silver chloride precipitate.
Silver nitrate (AgNO3) is the source of silver ions (Ag+) in the reaction. These silver ions react with the chloride ions (Cl-) in the hydrochloric acid solution to form the insoluble silver chloride precipitate. Without silver nitrate, there would be no silver ions available to react and no white precipitate would form.
Yes, the formation of a white precipitate with Cl-, HNO3, and AgNO3 is commonly used in chemical tests to detect the presence of chloride ions in a solution. This reaction is known as the silver chloride test and is often used to test for the presence of salt (NaCl) in food or water samples.