Proof: Openness of U∩V and U∪V in Rn

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In summary, the conversation is discussing the proof of U intersection V and U union V being open subsets in Rn. The definition of open is mentioned and the process for proving the union is open is explained. It is then concluded that the same process can be applied to prove the intersection is open as well.
  • #1
stunner5000pt
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I am not well 'accustomed' to these kind of proofs so please bear with my stupidity
Suppose U and V are both open subsets in Rn. Prove that U intersection V and U union V are open as well.

Dfeinition of open is that you cna center a ball about a point a in a set such that that ball is completely contained in the set.

So let there be a ball with center a radius delta in U such that
[tex] B(a,\delta_{1}) = { x: ||x-a||< \delta_{1}} [/tex] for U and
[tex] B(b,\delta_{2}) = { y: ||y-b||< \delta_{2}} [/tex] for V

now the for the union
[tex] B(c, \delta) = {z: ||z-c|| < \delta} [/tex]
and c belongs to the union of U and V. and picking delta = min (delta 1, delta 2) we can say that the ball is completely contained in U union V and the union is open?

If this correct we can move to the intersection...
do i do a similar procedure? Please help?

Thank you for you help and advice!
 
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  • #2
If [tex] B(a,\delta_{1}) = { x: ||x-a||< \delta_{1}} [/tex] is in U and
[tex] B(b,\delta_{2}) = { y: ||y-b||< \delta_{2}} [/tex] is in V, then
[tex] B(c, \delta) = {z: ||z-c|| < \delta} [/tex]
with [tex]\delta= min(\delta_1, \delta_2)[/tex]
is in both U and V and therefore is in both U union V and U intersect V- you don't have to do it two different ways!
 

1. What is the definition of openness in mathematics?

Openness is a concept in topology that refers to a set that does not contain its boundary points. In other words, every point in an open set has a neighborhood that is completely contained within the set.

2. How is the openness of U∩V and U∪V in Rn proven?

To prove the openness of U∩V and U∪V in Rn, we use the definition of openness and show that for every point in the intersection or union, there exists a neighborhood that is completely contained within the set. This can be done by choosing a radius for the neighborhood and showing that all points within that radius are also in the set.

3. Can you provide an example of U∩V and U∪V in Rn?

Yes, let U be the set of all points with x-coordinate less than 1 and V be the set of all points with y-coordinate less than 2. Then, U∩V would be the set of all points with both x-coordinate less than 1 and y-coordinate less than 2. U∪V would be the set of all points with either x-coordinate less than 1 or y-coordinate less than 2.

4. Why is the openness of U∩V and U∪V important?

The openness of U∩V and U∪V is important because it allows us to define and study more complex sets in mathematics. It also has applications in fields such as physics and engineering, where open sets are used to model continuous phenomena.

5. Are there any other properties of open sets that are important to know?

Yes, there are several other properties of open sets that are important to know, such as the fact that the union of any number of open sets is also an open set, and that the complement of an open set is a closed set. Additionally, open sets are connected and path-connected, which means that any two points in an open set can be connected by a continuous path within the set.

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