Understanding Particle Motion and Stable Equilibrium in a Potential Energy Graph

In summary, the conversation discusses a problem involving a particle moving on a straight line under a force with potential energy V(x). The graph of V(x) is sketched and the period of small oscillations about the position of stable equilibrium is found. The second part of the problem involves the particle passing the origin with a certain speed and determining whether it will subsequently pass the points x = a or x = -a. A further condition is also discussed for the particle to pass the point x = -a.
  • #1
darksummoning
2
0
im so lost with this question, i have tried a lot and cannot solve it :

A particle of unit mass moves on a straight line under a force having potential energy V (x) =
x3=(x^4 + a^4) where  and a are positive constants. Sketch the graph of V (x).
(a) Find the period of small oscillations about the position of stable equilibrium
(b) Suppose the particle passes the origin, moving in the positive x-direction with speed v[0]. Show
that the particle will subsequently pass the point x = a if and only if v^2[0] > =a. Find a further
condition on v^2[0] for the particle to subsequently pass the point x = -a

(square brackets represent a subscript)

Thansk in advance----aa.
 
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  • #2
First, V (x) =
x3=(x^4 + a^4) doesn't make sense. Which one is V(x) equal to:
x3 or (x^4 + a^4)?

For (a), force varies linearly with displacement according to F=-kx near the equilibrium point. (Can you see why?)

(b) Sounds a lot like a conservation of energy problem!
 
  • #3
hi sorry about the messy question... i have added it as an attatchement. i managed to do the first part but cannot seem to do the the last part of part b.
 

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1. What is stable equilibrium?

Stable equilibrium is a state in which a system or object is in balance and any small disturbance in its position or energy will result in a return to its original state.

2. How is stable equilibrium different from unstable equilibrium?

Stable equilibrium is when a system or object returns to its original state after a small disturbance, while unstable equilibrium is when a system or object will move away from its original state after a small disturbance.

3. What are some examples of stable equilibrium in nature?

Some examples of stable equilibrium in nature include a pendulum at rest, a ball at the bottom of a bowl, and a book lying flat on a table.

4. Can stable equilibrium be maintained indefinitely?

In theory, yes, stable equilibrium can be maintained indefinitely as long as there are no external disturbances or forces acting on the system or object.

5. How is stable equilibrium important in scientific research?

Stable equilibrium is important in scientific research as it helps us understand how systems behave and how they can return to their original state after a disturbance. This knowledge is essential in fields such as physics, chemistry, and engineering.

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