- #1
Beez
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Hi, I have another problem that I couldn't solve.
Q: The rate at which a certain substance dissolves in water is proportional at the product of the amount undissolved and the difference c1-c2, where c1 is the concentration in the saturated solution and c2 is the concentration in the actual solution. If saturated, 50gm of water would dissolve 20gm of the substance. If 10gm of the substance is placed in 50gm of water and half of the substance is then dissolved in 90 min, how much will be dissolved in 3 hr?
First of all I don't understand the meaning of " the difference c1-c2, where c1 is the concentration in the saturated solution and c2 is the concentration in the actual solution." What is the concentration of the actual solution? Wouldn't that be 0% all the time since originally no substance was saturated in the 50gm of water?
I tried to use Newton's Colling Law to solve this problem (since the previous problem was assuming the law to solve it
)
Assuming x = the amount of substance left at time t
[tex]\frac{dx}{dt}=k(c1 - c2)[/tex]
[tex]\frac{dx}{dt}=k(x - 0)[/tex]
Separate and integrate the equation I got
[tex]x = Ce^k^t[/tex]
Since x(0) = 0 when t=0, c=0; this is where I got stuck for this equation.
Then I created a different equation:
[tex]\frac{dx}{dt}=k(x-50) [/tex]
Integrating the equation we have
[tex]x=50+Ce^k^t[/tex]
Applying initial condition x(0) = 60 (10gm + 50 gm), when t=0,
[tex]60 = 50+Ce^0^k[/tex]
then C = 10
Appling the additional condition x(1.5)=55 (I think this is wrong because even after the substance is dissolved, the total weight should be still 60gm, right?)
[tex]55 = 50 + 10e^1^.^5^k[/tex]
[tex](\frac{1}{2})^\frac{1}{1.5} =e^k[/tex]
[tex]x(t) = 50 + 10(\frac{1}{2})^\frac{t}{1.5}[/tex]
Since the problem is asking the amount of substance after 3 min, substitute t with 3,
I obtained
[tex]x=50+10(0.5)^2 =52.5[/tex]
then I did 60-52.5 = 7.5gm
But the textbook's answer was 7.14gm and I know even though two numbers are close, the way I solved is WRONG. It was just a coincident that I obtained such a close number. However, this is how far I could get with my knowledge and ability.
I need help.
Thanks.
Q: The rate at which a certain substance dissolves in water is proportional at the product of the amount undissolved and the difference c1-c2, where c1 is the concentration in the saturated solution and c2 is the concentration in the actual solution. If saturated, 50gm of water would dissolve 20gm of the substance. If 10gm of the substance is placed in 50gm of water and half of the substance is then dissolved in 90 min, how much will be dissolved in 3 hr?
First of all I don't understand the meaning of " the difference c1-c2, where c1 is the concentration in the saturated solution and c2 is the concentration in the actual solution." What is the concentration of the actual solution? Wouldn't that be 0% all the time since originally no substance was saturated in the 50gm of water?
I tried to use Newton's Colling Law to solve this problem (since the previous problem was assuming the law to solve it

Assuming x = the amount of substance left at time t
[tex]\frac{dx}{dt}=k(c1 - c2)[/tex]
[tex]\frac{dx}{dt}=k(x - 0)[/tex]
Separate and integrate the equation I got
[tex]x = Ce^k^t[/tex]
Since x(0) = 0 when t=0, c=0; this is where I got stuck for this equation.
Then I created a different equation:
[tex]\frac{dx}{dt}=k(x-50) [/tex]
Integrating the equation we have
[tex]x=50+Ce^k^t[/tex]
Applying initial condition x(0) = 60 (10gm + 50 gm), when t=0,
[tex]60 = 50+Ce^0^k[/tex]
then C = 10
Appling the additional condition x(1.5)=55 (I think this is wrong because even after the substance is dissolved, the total weight should be still 60gm, right?)
[tex]55 = 50 + 10e^1^.^5^k[/tex]
[tex](\frac{1}{2})^\frac{1}{1.5} =e^k[/tex]
[tex]x(t) = 50 + 10(\frac{1}{2})^\frac{t}{1.5}[/tex]
Since the problem is asking the amount of substance after 3 min, substitute t with 3,
I obtained
[tex]x=50+10(0.5)^2 =52.5[/tex]
then I did 60-52.5 = 7.5gm
But the textbook's answer was 7.14gm and I know even though two numbers are close, the way I solved is WRONG. It was just a coincident that I obtained such a close number. However, this is how far I could get with my knowledge and ability.
I need help.
Thanks.