Understanding Superluminal Jets and Accretion Emissions from Black Holes

In summary, the conversation discusses the concept of superluminal jets and whether they are true or simply an effect of relative motion. It is also mentioned that detecting these jets may involve detecting cherenkov radiation. The conversation concludes with the explanation that superluminal jets are an angle of view effect and do not involve anything actually traveling faster than the speed of light.
  • #1
protonchain
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So I've skimmed certain papers several years ago indicating that radio jets and other accretion-related emissions from black holes can be superluminal.

Is this true, or is this just the relative motion of particles in some medium other than vacuum that exceeds the speed of light?

I'm assuming that detecting these involves detecting cherenkov radiation?

Sorry if this seems somewhat newbish, I'm hoping someone with more expertise in the field can shed some light on this. Thanks
 
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  • #2
No superluminal jets are an angle of view effect, nothing is traveling faster than light
This animation sort of explains it http://www.physics.purdue.edu/MOJAVE/superluminal.swf

Another way is the 'lighthouse paradox' imagine a powerfull jet of radiation on Earth - say a laser beam, being spun around at a high rpm. You see the laser beam light up a dot that moves rapily across the surface of the moon - you measure the time taken to cross the moon and it works out at faster than c. But nothing is really moving 'across the moon' it's just the point where the beam hits something that lights up.
 
  • #3
Ah! Now THAT makes sense! Thanks for the clarification, I'm glad to know the universe will be alright and we're not all going insane.
 

1. What are superluminal jets and how do they form?

Superluminal jets are narrow beams of particles that are ejected from the poles of black holes at speeds exceeding the speed of light. They form through a process called accretion, where matter from the surrounding environment is pulled into the black hole's gravitational field. As the matter gets closer to the black hole, it heats up and produces powerful magnetic fields that can accelerate particles to high velocities, creating the jets.

2. How do we observe and study superluminal jets?

We can observe superluminal jets using telescopes that can detect radiation from the high-energy particles in the jets. This includes radio, X-ray, and gamma-ray telescopes. By studying the properties of the radiation, we can learn about the speed, direction, and composition of the jets and their interactions with the surrounding environment.

3. What role do superluminal jets play in the evolution of black holes?

Superluminal jets are thought to play a crucial role in the evolution of black holes. They are believed to help regulate the growth of black holes by removing excess angular momentum and energy from the accreting matter. They also inject large amounts of energy into the surrounding environment, influencing the formation of stars and galaxies.

4. Can superluminal jets travel faster than the speed of light?

No, superluminal jets do not actually travel faster than the speed of light. The apparent faster-than-light motion is a result of a phenomenon called relativistic beaming, where the jets are pointed towards us and their speed is projected along our line of sight, making them appear to move faster than they actually are.

5. How can understanding superluminal jets help us understand black holes better?

Studying superluminal jets can provide valuable insights into the properties and behavior of black holes. By observing how the jets interact with their surroundings and how they change over time, we can better understand the physics of black hole accretion and the effects of strong gravity. This can also help us test and refine our current theories about the nature of black holes and their role in the universe.

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