Thermodynamics - Gibbs Free Energy Question

In summary, the question is asking for the change in Gibbs free energy when one mole of steam at 121 °C and 1 atm condenses to liquid water at the same temperature and pressure. Using the equations [1], [2], [3], and [4], the attempt at a solution involves substituting [4] into [2] and [3], but the calculation of ΔGp1 is unclear.
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Homework Statement


I'm having some difficulty with this question, not exactly sure how to start it. Any suggestion would help. Thanks

At 2.02 atm water boils at 121 °C. Calculate the change in the Gibbs free energy
when one mole of steam at 121 °C and one atm condenses to liquid water at the
same temperature and pressure. Is this process possible? Assume that steam
behaves as an ideal gas and that the density of liquid water at 121 °C is constant
at 942 kg m-3.

Homework Equations


I think these equations are useful

dGT=VdP [1]
dΔGT = ΔVdP [2]
ΔGp2 = ΔGp1 + int(ΔVdP) [3]

and since it is an ideal gas

PV=nRT -> V=nRT/P [4]

Now I think subbing [4] into [2] or [3] would help but not sure how to get ΔGp1?
 
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  • #2
The Attempt at a SolutionI think this is what should be done:Substituting [4] into [2]ΔGT = nRT/PdPSubstituting [4] into [3]ΔGp2 = ΔGp1 + nRT/PdPHere I am stuck, not sure how to find out ΔGp1
 

1. What is Gibbs Free Energy?

Gibbs Free Energy is a thermodynamic quantity that measures the amount of energy available to do useful work in a system at a constant temperature and pressure. It takes into account both the enthalpy (heat) and entropy (disorder) of a system.

2. How is Gibbs Free Energy related to spontaneity?

Gibbs Free Energy can be used to determine whether a chemical reaction or physical process is spontaneous. A negative value for Gibbs Free Energy indicates that the reaction or process will occur spontaneously, while a positive value indicates that it will not.

3. What is the significance of the change in Gibbs Free Energy?

The change in Gibbs Free Energy, denoted as ΔG, is a measure of the maximum amount of work that can be obtained from a chemical reaction or physical process. It can also be used to determine the equilibrium constant of a reaction.

4. How can Gibbs Free Energy be calculated?

Gibbs Free Energy can be calculated using the equation ΔG = ΔH - TΔS, where ΔH is the change in enthalpy, T is the temperature in Kelvin, and ΔS is the change in entropy. Alternatively, it can be calculated using tabulated values of Gibbs Free Energy for specific substances.

5. What are some real-world applications of Gibbs Free Energy?

Gibbs Free Energy is used in various fields such as chemistry, biology, and engineering. It is used to predict the spontaneity of chemical reactions, to design and optimize industrial processes, and to understand and model biological systems such as metabolism and protein folding.

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